A Study on Oxidative stress and antioxidant status in diabetic nephropathy

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus is the most common metabolic disorder in the world. The metabolic dysregulation of diabetes mellitus affects multiple organs like Kidney, nerves, eyes and heart. Worldwide Among all diabetics, 20-40% of the people are suffering from Diabetic Nephropathy. Oxidative stress is increased by hyperglycemia in which Reactive Oxygen Species has been implicated in the  pathology of these complications. The aim of our present study is one such attempt to find the role of oxidative stress by estimating the levels of oxidants and antioxidant levels in diabetic nephropathy in the ethnic south Indian population. Thirty diagnosed cases of diabetic Nephropathy were taken as cases and 30 age  and sex-matched Type 2 Diabetes mellitus patients were included as controls in the study. For oxidant levels, Malondialdehyde (MDA) was estimated and for antioxidant levels, Superoxide Dismutase (SOD), Glutathione Peroxidase (GPx), Glutathione Reductase (GR) were measured. Statistically, a significant increase is observed in the levels of Malondialdehyde in cases when compared to controls. There is no statistically significant difference in the levels of Superoxide dismutase and  Glutathione peroxidase between cases and controls. Whereas significant statistical difference is observed in the levels of Glutathione reductase in Diabetic Nephropathy cases when compared with controls.