Evaluation of in vitro antioxidant and antidiabetic activity on various extracts of Camellia sinensis

Abstract

Alzheimer’s disease and Diabetes are on the increase to find out treatments to cure or prevent them as major targets in research. Surprisingly, both share several molecular processes that underlie the respective degenerative developments like Aβ deposition, Glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3β), τ phosphorylation, oxidative stress, inflammation, ApoE4. Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) is a major risk factor which leads to AD. One recent study suggests that in people who have diabetes, the risk of developing Alzheimer's disease is more than double the risk of people without diabetes. Therefore, an attempt is being made to develop a monotherapy for both Alzheimer’s disease and Diabetes. Camellia sinensis is chosen for the present study to evaluate the anti-oxidant and anti-diabetic activity by in vitro studies. As a part of the study, the preliminary screening was done to analyze the phytoconstituents present in it. For this, the extraction was carried out by using 95% alcohol and hydro alcoholic solvent. The extracts were obtained by both maceration and soxhlation. The extracts were analyzed for the presence of various constituents like alkaloids, glycosides, phenols, saponins, tannins, fixed oils etc. The antidiabetic activity was carried out by evaluating the glucose uptake by yeast cells, while the antioxidant activity by hydrogen peroxide scavenging and Phosphomolybdenum assay. Our results suggested that Camellia sinensis has anti- diabetic and antioxidant activity. With this data we further extend our study by isolating each constituent to establish a mechanistic based evidence for both diabetes and Alzheimer's disease.