Retrospective analysis of symptoms and outcomes of snakebite cases

Abstract

Usually, every part of the globe is found with snakes, varying with the species or variety of snakes found in a particular region. It is scientifically known that about 3000 types of snakes are prevalent in all parts of the globe. Among these 300, only 10% of the snakes are reportedly venomous, giving life-threatening risks in human beings. Depending upon the snake group, neurotoxic or hemotoxic venom of the snake is manifested. Symptoms of swelling or without swelling at the site of the bite, flank bite marks, local pain are seen in moderate cases, and the severe cases may manifest with shock, renal failure, and/or coagulopathy. The retrospective data were collected from one tertiary care hospital in Nellore district, Andhra Pradesh, India. A further retrospective analysis was carried out using snakebite victims or patients. About 20 patients among these were excluded from the study based on incorrect labeling of snake bite. Therefore, complete data for the study was collected from 72 patients for the study who were admitted into the general medical ward. When the duration time of the treatment is delayed, obviously, the snake bite becomes mortal in the case of the patient. This is because, like the time-lapse, the anti-venom action becomes ineffective. However, despite the above findings like clinical presentation, demographic characteristics, and timelines in both the groups. The overall mortality rate in the present study was reported 2%. It can be concluded from the study that by rapid administration of anti-venin in appropriate doses, the snakebite cases can be managed successfully. Thus, we suggest developing an inter-disciplinary approach to reducing the mortality rate of snakebite.