A comparative study on the effect of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors as an add on therapy in patients with type 2 DM

Abstract

There were about 65 million diabetic population in 2016 in India. There were studies which concluded that the Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 Inhibitors and Sodium Glucose Co-Transportor 2 Inhibitor were providing non-glycaemic control and cardiovascular benefits. Hence, it is important to find out the effect of those drugs on various parameters among the Indian Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus population. The aim is to evaluate and compare the effects of SGLT-2 inhibitors and DPP-4 inhibitors in Type 2 DM patients. The objective is to find out &compare the effects of both class of drugs on the physical profile [Body Weight (BW), Body Mass Index (BMI), Hip-Waist ratio), Diabetic Profile [Fasting Blood Sugar] (FBS), Glycated Haemoglobin (HbA1C)] & Side Effect Profile.  The patients were categorized into two Group 1 & 2. Both groups were containing 50 patients, each based on the inclusion &exclusion criteria. The collection of demographics and history were done. Group 1 patients were initiated with DPP-4 Inhibitor, Group 2 patients with SGLT-2 Inhibitors, respectively. At baseline and during follow-up, the parameters like the physical profile, Diabetic Profile were noted. In Body Weight, the mean difference between the groups was found to be 2.9 ±0.79 (p<0.05). Similarly, for BMI, it was 2.9±1.36 (p<0.04). For the Hip-Waist ratio, it was 0.07 (p<0.05). For FBS, it was 22.08 mg/dl (0.0001), for HbA1c it was 1.09 (p<0.0043). On the Side effect profile, SGLT-2 Inhibitors were showing higher incidence for the occurrence of Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) while comparing with DPP-4 Inhibitors. This can be overcome by proper patient counseling. This study concluded that SGLT-2 inhibitors may serves as the best medication choice for add on therapy in Type 2 DM patients.