Prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of ESBL producing gram negative rods causing nosocomial infection

Abstract

To find the possible risks to hospitalized patients from hospital environment, this study was conducted with aim to investigate about prevalence of Gram Negative Rods (GNRs), their antibiotics susceptibility profile and ESBL producing ability of strains from a tertiary care hospital in Kohat, Pakistan. Total 120 samples were collected from medical, surgical, orthopedic, children and gyneae wards. All the samples were inoculated on various media including Blood Agar, MacConky Agar, EMB Agar and Clid Agar. All GNRs were identified on the basis of biochemical tests performed on API20E kit. ESBL detection and antimicrobial susceptibility profile of all isolates was performed on Mueller-Hinton Agar plates using Kirby Bauer's Disc Diffusion method. From all the samples, Pseudomonas aeruginosa was isolated from 49 (40.83%) samples, Proteus sp. from 35 (29.17%) samples, Klebsiella pneumoniae from 21 (17.50%) samples and Escherichia coli from 15 (12.50%) samples. ESBL producing strains were found as 47.36% in Klebsiella pneumoniae, 46.42% in Pseudomonas aeruginosa, 77.7% in E. coli, and 20% in Proteus sp. Antibiotics resistance profile of both ESBL producing and non-ESBL producing bacteria was also too high.