Incidence of adverse drug reactions with commonly prescribed drugs in tertiary care teaching hospital in India

Abstract

Adverse drug reactions Is a worldwide public health problem and an important cause of death and hospitalizations in developed countries. An adverse drug reaction is a major cause of patient morbidity and mortality, Increase in hospital stay and unnecessary economic burden to the patient. To study the incidence of ADRs in tertiary care teaching hospital, in Tamil Nadu at Southern part of India. An analytical cross sectional, observational study was carried over a period of 6 months. A total of 40 cases were reported to have ADRs from 500 patients. ADRs were monitored by using standard developed and designed by CDSCO, India. Data thus obtained were analyzed by using casualty assessment. The WHO scale and Naranjo Algorithm score were used to evaluate ADRs. In this study overall Incidence of ADR found to be 8% and male to female ratio was 3.6 and 4.4% respectively. Maximum number of ADRs were reported from the GIT 37.5% followed by Skin 25% and CNS 12.5%. Different types of ADRs were studied in which rashes (35.13%) the most commonly ADR. Then reported followed by vomiting (13.51%), dizziness (10.81%) and with respect to outcome attributed to ADRs 15 patient got hospitalized due to ADRs. When causality of ADRs was assessed by Naranjo algorithm scale and it is found to be 42.5% probable, 37.5% possible, 7.5% definite and doubtful 12.5% and WHO scale certain 15%, probable 30%, possible 32.5%, unlikely 10%, conditional 7.5% and unassessable 5%. The result of our study is similar to other studies. All ADRs were not toxic reactions and they were unpredictable.