Targeting the antiurolithiatic activity by entrapping the bioactive compounds of Asparagus racemosus in chitosan nanoparticles on ethylene glycol induced renal calculi in Wister albino rats

Abstract

The objective of our research is to investigate the antiurolithiatic intervention of bioactive compounds of Asparagus racemosus loaded Chitosan nanoparticles (BACARNPs) on ethylene glycol engendered renal calculi in male Wister rats. The efficiency of bioactive compounds of A. racemosus (BACAR) at 800 mg/kg p.o and BACARNPs at 800 mg equivalent weight of BACAR/kg p.o was validated in ethylene glycol 0.75% (v/v) and ammonium chloride 1% (w/v) mediated renal calculi in rats. Cystone (750 mg/kg, p.o.) has been used as a standard drug. Urinary variables comprise calcium, magnesium, oxalate, phosphate, uric acid, creatinine, urine pH, urine volume, and Creatinine clearance; Serum parameters include creatinine, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), calcium and uric acid; calcium and oxalate deposition in the kidney were assessed. In vivo antioxidant parameters include lipid peroxidation, superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione were determined and histopathological studies were also examined. In both control groups, a substantial increase in urinary excretion of calcium, oxalate, and their intensification in the kidney; enhanced amounts of phosphate, uric acid, and reduced magnesium levels in urine; elevated serum creatinine, BUN, calcium and uric acid; Creatinine clearance was declined were observed and normalized in treated groups. In vivo antioxidant parameters and histopathological variations reinstated to conventional form. Chitosan serves as a ligand to renal epithelial cells leads to improved agglomeration of BACAR in kidney compared to BACAR administered solitarily results in increased antiurolithiatic activity.