Isolation and diagnosis of vaginal candida spp. and the effect of some anti- fungal drugs in pregnant women with and without diabetes

Abstract

This study aims to evaluate the effect of antifungal drug treatment on Vulvo- Vaginal Candidiasis (VVC) in pregnant women which is the most common yeast infection in females otherwise worldwide. The secondary objective was to see effects if any between age, gravidity, pregnancy age of the subjects and VVC. This observational study was conducted at our fertility centre during one year period from the first of October 2017 to the beginning of March 2018. The 209 sterile cotton swab vaginal discharge samples were examined by cell detection & optical microscopy to observe the presence of causative yeast. These samples were collected from pregnant women, who, after being suspected to have VVC infection, were diagnosed for the same by a physician. Sabouraud & chrome agar cultures were prepared for positive samples to test the sensitivity of the isolates against antifungal drugs. The results of this study showed that Candida albicans was predominating among other types of Candida spp. (93.75%) As causative of VVC. It also reported that women ageing 30 to 40 years, multigravidas & pregnant women in their 3rd trimester were potentially more susceptible to VVC. Statistically stating, stated age group was found to be more affected than others (51.33%) for C. albicans (70%) & while women with multigravidas (95.33%) than primigravida women. The sensitivity test showed that the antifungal drug Ketoconazole & Fluconazole seems to have the highest effect against C.albicans while Miconazole against C.krusei. This study concluded that Candida albicans is the most common species responsible for causing VVC. Pregnant women ageing between 30-40 years, those in the 3rd trimester and multigravidas are more affected with VVC. Ketoconazole and fluconazole have a comparable effect against Candida albicans. Fluconazole does not affect Candida Crusie while Miconazole had.