Modulation of endogenous angiotensin II, systolic, and diastolic blood pressure in hypovitaminosis D patients with cardiovascular risk after oral vitamin D3 supplementation

Abstract

Considerable evidence suggests that a large percent of the population have low vitamin D levels, which may affect the cardiovascular system (CVS) adversely. The possible mechanism includes modulating adaptive immunity and vascular inflammation, maturation, and differentiation of cardiomyocyte modulating response in the vascular endothelial. This study is designed prospectively to evaluate the potential effectiveness of oral vitamin D3 as a therapeutic strategy in the primary prevention for cardiovascular risk in subjects with high cardiovascular risk score and hypovitaminosis D. Forty individuals at high risk for cardiovascular diseases and vitamin D deficiency (< 20 ng/ml) were selected. The candidate was assigned to receive vitamin D3 (100000 IU) orally every 2 weeks for 8 weeks. The measurement includes Plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D level, serum Angiotensin II, serum creatinine, serum GPT, estimation of lipid profile, in addition to the obesity status through measuring. The WHO/ISH risk prediction charts were used to assess the risk score for cardiovascular diseases. The result showed a highly significant decrease (P<0.01) in the serum Ag II in the intervention group on oral vitamin D3 supplement, a highly significant increase (P<0.01) in serum endogenous vitamin D status, and a highly significant decrease (P<0.01) in both systolic (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP). No significant changes in FBG, lipid profile, and atherogenic index in both study groups. The effect of vitamin D3 supple- mentation on both angiotensin II level and endogenous vitamin D levels was significant regardless of age group, gender, BMI, and smoking status.