Langerhans cell histiocytosis of the skull: Case report of a rare bone tumour

Abstract

Langerhans cell Histiocytosis (LCH) constitutes a triad of diseases, which is clinically classified as unifocal-unisystem (Eosinophilic granuloma), multifocal-unisystem and multifocal-multisystem. The unifying feature of this group is the infiltration of the lesion by antigen-presenting cells of the accessory immune system known as the Langerhans cell. Eosinophilic granuloma is the most common and benign entity of the three, seen in children and affects the bones and less often, the lungs. In this report, we present this interesting case of Eosinophilic granuloma of the skull in a 2 year old girl, who presented with a painless scalp swelling of 2 weeks duration to our tertiary care centre and was diagnosed by histopathology and immunohistochemistry.