In OVO Assessment of Antiviral Potential of Aloe Barbadensis Miller against Newcastle Disease Virus
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Aloe barbadensis Miller, Newcastle Disease Virus, antiviral assay
Abstract
The antiviral potential of Aloe barbadensis Miller against Newcastle Disease Virus (NDV) was determined using 11-day old embryonated chicken eggs. Identification and harvesting of Aloe barbadensis Miller plant were done at Federal College of Forestry, Jos while laboratory assay was done at the Bio- chemistry and Viral Research Divisions of National Veterinary Research Institute Vom. Extraction and phytochemical analysis of plant extract was done using distilled water, acetone, ethanol and chloroform, while cytotoxicity studies, determination of EID50 as well as antiviral assay were carried out according to standard methods. Results obtained indicated that distilled water is the best solvent for extraction of Aloe barbadensis Miller in terms of quantity and quality of products. This is because it turned in the highest yield of extract and also retained most pharmacologically active substances, as shown by phytochemical studies. Cytotoxicity studies, on the other hand, showed that embryonated eggs could tolerate the plant extract at concentrations of 200mg/ml and below, while antiviral assay clearly revealed inhibition of virus multiplication in embryonated eggs in extract concentrations as low as 100mg/ml and above. It, therefore, implies that the Aloe barbadensis Miller plant can be extracted in distilled water and administered to birds infected with NDV at recommended dosage to effectively treat Newcastle Disease.
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