Colorectal carcinoma: Surgical management, risk and prognostic factors: A retrospective study

Abstract

Colorectal carcinoma (CRC), the most common malignant disease in industrialized societies; 875, 000 new cases being reported every year and approximately 500, 000 are dying to the CRC, and it is the commonest gastrointestinal tract cancer worldwide. The current study as aimed to address the pat- terns of clinical preSsentations, age, and gender distribution, methods of investigations and surgical management of colorectal cancer patients as well as identification of certain risk factors for the development of colorectal cancer and predictors of recurrence. This study was involving 45 patients with the new diagnosis of colorectal cancer admitted and treated at Al-Diwaniyah Teaching Hospital, Al-Qadisiyah province, Iraq in the period between January 2016 and January 2018. The most common postoperative morbidity was wound complications (5/45, 11%). Prognostic factors of recurrence included Clinical presentation: emergency cases had a risk of recurrence that it's twice the elective cases, Stage: patients with Duke's stage ³ C1 had a risk of recurrence that is 3 times more than those with stage < C1. Grade: patients with poorly differentiated tumours had a risk of recurrence that is six times more than those with well and moderately tumours. Adjuvant chemoradiation: patients who did not receive and or complete adjuvant chemoradiation were 30 times riskier for recurrence than those who received and completed their courses. There is an increase in the incidence of colorectal carcinoma in young age patients with about equal gender distribution, as well as bleeding per rectum and change in the bowel habit are the common presenting features with the rectum being the most common site.