Relationship of Malocclusion with Periodontal Status among Adult Population in Chennai - A Case Control Study

Abstract

Malocclusion is defined as an irregularity of the teeth or an incorrect placement of the dental arches that is outside the ideal range. Besides this irregularity of the teeth or jaws, malocclusion may cause periodontal problems, disturbances of oral function such as mastication, swallowing, and speech, and psychosocial problems related to impaired dentofacial aesthetics. Hence this study was conducted to find the relationship between orthodontic malocclusion with periodontal status among the adult population visiting private dental college in Chennai. A retrospective study was conducted using case records of patients attending private dental college from July 2019 - March 2020. A total of 932 case sheets of patients who had recorded for Russell’s periodontal index were retrieved and used for statistical analysis. Descriptive statistics, chi-square and Pearson’s correlation was used to analyze the data. Out of 932 participants class I malocclusion-96.24%, class 2 Div I - 1.82%, class division 2, class 2 subdivision, class 3 malocclusion, class 3 subdivision was 0.32%, 0.42%, 0.855 and 0.32% respectively.10.73% of the study population have terminal disease which is a surprising finding when compared with other studies. The results of the study were subjected to statistical analysis. Negligible negative correlation was found between malocclusion and periodontal status and were statistically insignificant. No statistically significant association was found between orthodontic malocclusion and periodontal status and a negligible negative correlation was obtained, which shows that there was no relationship between malocclusion and periodontal status in this study population.