Trends and management of comorbid conditions in diabetes mellitus type 2 patients in a tertiary care hospital

Abstract

Across the globe, India has second prevalent diabetic people. The effect of diabetes mellitus associated with various long term comorbid conditions. Chances of increases in blood pressure or hypertension affect 70% of diabetic patients. Dyslipidemia is often concomitant with diabetes and is correlated to an increased risk of CVD. The study aimed to evaluate the occurrence of comorbidities among type 2 diabetes patients and its pharmacotherapy. It was a cross-sectional observational study carried out on patients who were 18 years and above with a diagnosis of diabetes type 2 with comorbidity. The data was recorded, medication status of all patients was reviewed, organized, and expressed as counts and percentages. Out of 142 subjects 55.63 % (n = 79) were males, 44.36 % (n = 63) were females and mean age of the sample was 56.84 (± 11.24) years. Out of 142 patients, 88.02 % (125) were concomitant with severe complications like ischemic heart disease, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia remaining 13.6% (17) were associated with other complications. The most commonly prescribed drugs for hypertension were telmisartan (46 %), followed by telmisartan and amlodipine (22 %). In ischemic heart disease, the most common combination of aspirin and atorvastatin (76.92 %) was prescribed. In hyperlipidemia, atorvastatin (50 %) was prescribed most commonly. The present study results suggest the significance of various combinations of comorbidity could shed light on a probable common etiology, and then on probably protective measures.