A histopathological study on cholecystectomy specimen in a tertiary care hospital

Abstract

The gallbladder is a pear-shaped organ and the main function of it is to store and concentrate the bile secreted by the liver and then deliver it into the intestine for digestion and absorption of fat. Congenital anomalies, inflammation, benign and malignant tumors can occur in the gallbladder. Cholecystectomy is one of the most commonly performed general surgery procedures. The principle aim of this study is to review the pathology results from gallbladder specimens sent for routine pathology with clinical parameters correlation. A retrospective study of 115cholecystectomy specimens for a period of 6 months in the year 2018 was carried out. All specimens subjected for histopathological examination and the clinical correlation was done. Commonest age group being 41-45 years (25%) with the male-female ratio of 1:1.7. The most common lesions were Chronic calculous cholecystitis constituting 67 (58%) followed by chronic cholecystitis 24 cases (21%). Acute calculous cholecystitis constitute 4 cases (3.5%), acute cholecystitis and acute on chronic cholecystitis constitutes 9 cases (8%). One case of adenomyoma (0.8%) and incidentally detected Gall bladder adenocarcinoma (0.8%) were diagnosed. A spectrum of lesions that affect the gallbladder necessitates the importance of histopathological examination of all cholecystectomy specimens with or without abnormal clinical, radiological and macroscopic findings.