A Review on Alcoholic Liver Disease

Abstract

Alcoholic disorders affect millions of people worldwide. Alcohol consumption directly affects the liver, which causes morbidity and fatality and elucidates exalted social and economic worth. Alcohol liver disease (ALD) can cause acute liver disease (e.galcoholic hepatitis) or chronic/protracted liver disease (e.g. steatosis/ alcoholic hepatomegaly, steatohepatitis/alcoholic hepatitis, alcoholic fibrosis/ cirrhosis). The morbidity/fatality of alcoholic liver disease build upon the amounts, concentration and extent of alcohol intake, along with other co-factors, include a history of hepatic disease, improper diet and genetic and physiological predispositions of personnel. Alcoholic hepatomegaly is a reversible disease after abstinence of alcohol, and alcoholic liver cirrhosis is associates with morbidity and fatality. The average survival rate of patients with severe cirrhosis is up to 2 years. The common signs  and symptoms are jaundice, right upper abdominal pain, fatigue, anorexia and arthritis. It can be diagnosed with patient history, signs and symptoms and imaging studies. It has been treated with corticosteroids, pentoxifylline, antioxidants, anti-emetics, and enteral nutrition. Complete self-restraint is the main treatment for acute/chronic ALD. Patients with severe alcoholic hepatic cirrhosis who completely self-restraint can be referred for liver transplantations, which markedly lengthened life expected period. The important step in the prevention of ALD is abstinence of overconsumption of alcohol, quit smoking, normal weight, while the prevention of liver damage in active alcohol over consumers is not clinically applicable.