Botany, Traditional Uses and Pharmacology of Bukkun Booti - Phyla nodiƒlora (L.) Greene: An Underexposed Botanical Drug of AYUSH-Unani System
Article Sidebar
-
AYUSH-Unani, Bukkum, Bukkun Booti, Folk-medicine, Lippia nodiflora, Pharmacology, Unani therapeutics, Verbenaceae
Abstract
Bukkun Booti (Phyla nodiflora (L.) Greene; Syn. Lippia nodiflora (L.) Michx.), of Verbenaceae, is a fast-growing creeping perennial medicinal herb, has a very long history for human use as it is generally distributed throughout the world. The plant has been traditionally used and recorded in AYUSH-Ayurveda, Unani and Siddha systems of medicine. In the Unani System of Medicine (USM), the Bukkun Booti is used for detoxification of the blood. It is useful in Bawāsīr (bleeding piles), Ru‘af (epistaxis), Hasāh al-Mathāna (cystolithiasis), Sozāk (gonorrhea) ‘Usr al-Bawl (dysuria) and Hummayat (fevers). Ethno-medicinally, it has been widely used as a traditional folk medicine to treat and cure ailments by the local tribal and other communities. The entire plant is diuretic, febrifuge, stomachic and astringent; good for ulcers, wounds, asthma, bronchitis, knee-joints and to ladies after delivery. Bukkun Booti is a rich source of antioxidants and secondary metabolites, and aerial parts are reported to contain phenolic compounds (flavonoids), which are found to have a broad array of reported pharmacological actions such as; antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antidiabetic and hepatoprotective properties. The purpose of this review paper is to bring together the available information on the current status and therapeutic uses of Bukkun Booti in the Unani System of Medicine and to discuss the botany and importance of the plant on the basis of folk uses, pharmacological activities and chemical constituents. The potential characteristics of P. nodiflora could be utilized more efficiently by linking the bridge of traditional uses, pharmacology and phytochemistry through an integrated approach.
Full text article
References
Ahmed, F., Selim, M. S. T., Das, A. K., Choudhuri, M. S. K. 2004. Anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive activities of Lippia nodiflora Linn. Die Pharmazie, 59(4):329–330.
Akhtar, M. F. 1993. Chemical and biological investigations of medicinal herbs Phyla nodiflora, Ruellia patula and Ruella brittoniana. Ph.D. Thesis., Pakistan: Univ. of Karachi.
Anonymous 2001. Medicinal Plants in Folklores of Northern India, Phyla nodiflora (L.) Greene, CCRUM. page 378, New Delhi. Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Govt. of India, Department of AYUSH.
Arulappan, T. M., Britto, S. J., Ruckmani, K., Kumar, R. M. 2015. An Ethnobotanical Study of Medicinal Plants Used by Ethnic People in Gingee Hills. American Journal of Ethnomedicine, 2(2):84–102.
Arumanayagam, S., Arunmani, M. 2015. Hepato protective and antibacterial activity of Lippia nodiflora Linn. against lipopolysaccharides on HepG2 cells. Pharmacognosy Magazine, 11(41):24–31.
Ashokkumar, D., Mazumder, U. K., Gupta, M., Selvan, V. T. 2009. Effect on Inhibition of Proliferation and antioxidant enzyme Level of Lippia nodiflora in EAC Cell Line Treated Mice. Journal of Complementary and Integrative Medicine, 6(1).
Ashraf, M. 2011. Makhzan ul Mufradat, mae Murakkabat wa, Khawas ul Advia. 62.
Awan, Z. I., Habib-Ur-Rehman, Awan, A. A., Minhas, A. F., Khan, M. N. 2013. Ethnobotanical Importance of Some Highly Medicinal plants of District Muzaffarabad, Pakistan with special reference to the Species of the Genus Viburnum. Journal of Pharmacy and Biological Sciences, 6(2):53–66.
Balakrishna, K., Gopal, R. H., Ramkumar, V., Rao, R. B., Vasanth, S., Narayanappa, D. 1996. Antibacterial activity of the essential oil of Lippia nodiflora. Ancient science of life, 16(1):79–81.
Balakrishnan, G., Janakarajan, L., Balakrishnan, A., Lakshmi, B. S. 2010. Molecular Basis of the Anti Inflammatory Property Exhibited by Cyclo Pentano Phenanthrenol Isolated from Lippia nodiflora. Immunological Investigations, 39(7):713– 739.
Balamurugan, R., Ignacimuthu, S. 2011. Antidiabetic and Hypolipidemic effect of methanol extract of Lippia nodiflora L. in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine, 1(1):30–36.
Barua, A. K., Chakrabarti, P., Sanyal, P. K. 1971. Structure of nodifloretin, new flavone from Lippia nodiflora. Transactions of the Bose Research Institute (Calcutta), 34(3):5–8.
Basha, S. K. M., Umamaheswari, P., Rambabu, M., Savitramma, N. 2011. Ethnobotanical Study of Mamandur Forest (Kadapa-Nallamali Range) in Eastern Ghats, Andhra Pradesh, India. Journal of Phytology, 3(10):44–47.
Cheng, L.-C., Murugaiyah, V., Chan, K.-L. 2015. Flavonoids and phenylethanoid glycosides from Lippia nodiflora as promising antihyperuricemic agents and elucidation of their mechanism of action. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 24(176):485–493.
Chuakul, W., Soonthornchareonnon, N., Ruangsomboon, O. 2001. Phyla nodiflora (L.) Greene. Plant Resources of South-East Asia. Medicinal and poisonous plants, 12(2):418–420.
Coe, F. G. 1997. Ethnobotany of the Miskitu of Eastern Nicaragua. Journal of Ethnobiology, 17(2):171–214.
Cook, C. D. K. 1996. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Aquatic and Wetland Plants of India. Oxford. Oxford University Press. ISBN: 0198548214.
Duraipandiyan, V., Balamurugan, R., Ignacimuthu, S. 2011. Antidiabetic activity of γ-sitosterol isolated from Lippia nodiflora L. in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. European Journal of Pharmacology, 667(1-3):410-418.
Durairaj, A., Vaiyapuri, T. S., Kanti, M. U., Malaya, G. 2008. Protective Activity and Antioxidant Potential of Lippia nodiflora Extract in Paracetamol Induced Hepatotoxicity in Rats. Iranian Journal of Pharmacology and Therapeutics (IJPT), 7(1):83– 89.
Fensham, R. J. 1998. The grassy vegetation of the Darling Downs, south-eastern Queensland, Australia.
Floristics and grazing effects. Biological Conservation, 84(3):301–310.
Gadhvi, R., et al. 2012. Antihypertensive efficacy of Lippia nodiflora–whole plant on uninephrectomized doca –salt hypertensive rats. IOSR Journal of Pharmacy (IOSRPHR), 2(6):24–28.
Gadhvi, R., Reddy, M. N., Joshi, S. 2015. Antihypertensive and renoprotective effect of different fractions of whole plant Lippia nodiflora Linn. on uninephroctimized DOCA-salt hypertensive rats. International Journal of Pharma and Bio Sciences, 6(3):392–399.
Ghani, N. 2006. Khazain-ul-Advia. Idarae Kitabal Shifa. Volume 1.
Husain, M. K., Khalid, M., Pratap, G. P., Kazmi, M. H. 2017. Relevance of Traditional Unani (Greco-Arab) System of Medicine in Cancer: An Update. Anticancer Plants: Clinical Trials and Nanotechnology, 23:273-302.
IUCN 2019. The International Union for Conservation of Nature’s Red List of Threatened Species (IUCN). Accessed on 21 December 2020.
Jeeva, G. M., Jeeva, S., Kingston, C. 2007. Traditional treatment of skin diseases in South Travancore, southern peninsular India. Indian J. Trad. Knowl, 6(3):498–501.
Kabeeruddin, M. 2007. Makhzanul Mufradat Al Maroof Khawasul Advia. 83112(125):396.
Kalam, M. A., Ahmad, G., Munshi, Y. I., Ahmad, S. 2016. Bukan Booti (Lippia nodiflora L.) - A Lesser Known Unani Drug. Hipp. J. Unani Med, 11(4):131– 139.
Khare, C. P. 2007. Indian Medicinal Plants-An illustrated Dictionary. First edition. pages 378– 480, Berlin/ Heidelberg. Springer Science Business Media. ISBN: 9780387706382.
Kirtikar, K. R., Basu, B. D. 1981. Indian medicinal plants. 3:1916–1917.
Lansdown, R. V. 2019. Phyla nodiflora. Available. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Accessed on 21 December 2020.
Lin, F. J., Yen, F. L., Chen, P. C., Wang, M. C., Lin, C. N. 2014. HPLC-Fingerprints and Antioxidant Constituents of Phyla nodiflora. The Scientific World Journal, pages 1–8.
Mahwasane, S. T., Middleton, L., Boaduo, N. 2013. An ethnobotanical survey of indigenous knowledge on medicinal plants used by the traditional healers of the Lwamondo area, Limpopo province, South Africa. South African Journal of Botany, 88:69–75.
Mandal, M., Paul, S., Dey, S. 2014. Ethnomedicobotany of some tribal communities of Bankura district, West Bengal, India. Exploratory Animal and Medical Research, 4(1):64–80.
McCosker, R. O. 1994. Lippia (Phyla nodiflora) an invasive plant of floodplain ecosystems in the Murray-Darling Basin. A Report on the Distribution and Ecology of Lippia in the Lower Gwydir Valley and the Murray-Darling Basin Prepared for the Gingham Watercourse Landcare Group. Department of Ecosystem Management, University of New England, Armidale, page 17.
Mukherjee, T. 1991. Antimalarial herbal drugs. A review. Fitoterapia, 62(3):197–204.
Pirzada, A. J., Iqbal, P., Shaikh, W., Kazi, T. G., Ghani, K. V. 2005. Studies on elemental composition and antifungal activity of medicinal plant L. nodiflora against skin fungi. Journal of Pakistan Association of Dermatologist, 15(2):113–118.
Prusti, A. B., Behera, K. K. 2007. Ethno-Medico Botanical Study of Sundargarh District, Orissa, India. Ethnobotanical Leaflets, 11:148–163.
Pullaiah, T., Ramakrishnaiah, V., Rani, S. S., Rao, P. N. 2000. Flora of Guntur District Andhra Pradesh, India. page 533, New Delhi. Regency Publications.
Qureshia, R., Bhattib, G. R. 2008. Ethnobotany of plants used by the Thari people of Nara Desert, Pakistan. Fitoterapia, 79(6):468–473.
Rahmatullah, M., Jahan, R., Azam, F. S., Hossan, S., Mollik, M. A. H., Rahman, T. 2011. Folk Medicinal Uses of Verbenaceae Family Plants in Bangladesh. African Journal of Traditional, Complementary and Alternative Medicines, 8(Supple 5):53–65.
Ravikanth, V., Ramesh, P., Diwan, P. V., Venkateswarlu, Y. 2000. Halleridone and Hallerone from Phyla nodiflora as taxonomic markers. Biochemical Systematics and Ecology, 28(9):905–906.
Ravinder, K., Vashistha, B. D. 2014. Ethnobotanical Studies on Karnal District, Haryana, India. International Research Journal of Biological Sciences, 3(8):46–55.
Regupathi, T., Chitra, K. 2015. The anti-dandruff activity of Eclipta alba (l.) Hassk and Lippia nodiflora Linn. International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences, 6(2):185–188.
Rimpler, H., Sauerbier, H. 1986. Iridoid glucosides as taxonomic markers in the genera Lantana, Lippia, Aloysia and Phyla. Biochemical Systematics and Ecology, 14(3):307–310.
Roy, S. 2016. Ethnobotanical appraisal of Rajbanshi Community of Jalpaiguri and Coochbehar districts of West Bengal, India. Journal of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Research, 8(4):762–766.
Sardar, A. A., Khan, Z., Perveen, A., Zereen, A. 2015. Appraisal of ethnobotanical uses of the wetland plants of Punjab, Pakistan. Afr J Tradit Complement Altern Med, 12(4):9–13.
Sudha, A., Srinivasan, P. 2014. Bioassay-Guided Isolation and Antioxidant Evaluation of Flavonoid Compound from Aerial Parts of Lippia nodiflora L. BioMed Research International, pages 1–10.
Thamilselvan, V., Ashokkumar, D., GP, S., Mazumder, U. K., Gupta, M. 2008. Antioxidant and Free Radical Scavenging Effects of Lippia nodiflora. Pharmaceutical Biology, 46(10-11):762–771.
Thirupathy, K. P., Vijaya, C., Tulshkar, A. 2011. Neuropharmacological activity of Lippia nodiflora Linn. Pharmacognosy Research, 3(3):194–200.
Tomás-Barberán, F. A., Harborne, J. B., Self, R. 1987. Twelve 6-oxygenated flavone sulphates from Lippia nodiflora and L. canescens. Phytochemistry, 26(8):2281–2284.
Vanajothi, R., Sudha, A., et al. 2012. Luffa acutangula and Lippia nodiflora leaf extract induces growth inhibitory effect through induction of apoptosis on human lung cancer cell line. Biomedicine & Preventive Nutrition, 2(4):287–293.
WHO 2000. General guidelines for methodologies on research and evaluation of traditional medicine. World Health Organization, Geneva. 1- 80p.
Authors
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.