International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences

Apple cider vinegar effervescent tablets on gut health, obesity and user experience – A randomized controlled trial

Sun, 28 Apr 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Research indicates that apple cider vinegar (ACV) may benefit health by lowering blood glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides, body weight, waist circumference, and BMI. To investigate further, a 60-day randomized controlled trial was conducted at Sudha Institute of Medical Science involving 77 participants with abnormal weight. They were divided into control and ACV groups. The ACV group consumed a daily ACV effervescent tablet, engaged in mild exercise, and followed a low-sugar diet, while the control group followed only the exercise and diet regimen. Anthropometric measurements and participant satisfaction data were collected throughout. The analysis revealed significant reductions in weight, BMI, waist and hip circumference, and waist-hip ratio over the 60-day period. Additionally, improvements were observed in abnormal food intake and various digestive issues such as appetite, constipation, cravings, and gas problems in the ACV group. Notably, 56.25% of control group participants and 44.44% of ACV group participants were categorized as overweight. Data analysis was conducted using Microsoft Excel, utilizing descriptive statistics such as mean and percentage. The study concluded that daily consumption of ACV effervescent tablets has a positive impact on weight loss and alleviates issues related to digestion and appetite. These findings underscore the potential benefits of incorporating ACV into dietary and lifestyle interventions for individuals with abnormal weight, suggesting its role as a complementary approach to promote overall health and well-being.

Can prophylactic oral dextrose solution prevent hypoglycemia in high risk newborns?

Sun, 28 Apr 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Prophylactic oral dextrose gel recommended to prevent hypoglycaemia in high risk babies is not readily available and affordable. This study was therefore conducted to find out if oral dextrose solution decreases the incidence of hypoglycaemia in high risk neonates. This study included 186 high risk newborns. Oral 10% dextrose 2ml/kg was given at 30 minutes, 2, 6 and 12 hours of life, along with direct breastfeeding. Capillary blood glucose measurement was monitored at 2, 6, 12, 24, 48 and 72 hours of life. Low blood sugar levels were confirmed by simultaneous venous blood sampling. Statistical tests used were chi square for proportions and ANOVA for means. Of the 186 high risk babies maximum babies were small for gestational age (n = 68, 36.5%). Among the high risk babies, 7 (3.7%) developed hypoglycaemia. All were asymptomatic. A higher proportion of hypoglycaemia was seen IUGR babies (n = 2/9, 22.2%) and in those delivered by caesarean section (n =3/71, 4.2%). Compared to the incidence of hypoglycaemia (7.2%) in the historical control group the incidence of hypoglycaemia (3.7%) in interventional group was lower though statistically not significant (p=NS). There is a decrease in the incidence of hypoglycemia in high-risk infants given prophylactic oral dextrose solution. However, this trend was not statistically significant.

Case-Control Study Of Risk Factors Associated With Acute Unintentional Poisoning In Children Aged 1-12 Years In A District Hospital, Puducherry, India

Latha V, Vijayabharathi E, Raja Ramalingam, Johnson Reddy B, Anuradha V — Sun, 28 Apr 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Unintentional poisoning, particularly among children under five, is a global concern. A case-control study conducted in a South Indian tertiary care institute aimed to identify socio-epidemiological risk factors for acute unintentional poisoning in children aged 1-12 years. Through caregiver interviews, 480 children were categorized as cases (with acute unintentional poisoning) or controls (with acute medical illnesses). Household poisons ingestion was prevalent, with inadequate storage and accessibility as significant contributors. Prompt hospital presentation correlated with better outcomes. Higher birth order, low maternal education, paternal substance abuse, and inadequate storage emerged as risk factors. Though developmental delays weren't prevalent, maternal education, paternal income, and substance abuse were linked to childhood poisoning. Targeted interventions promoting household safety, parental education, and supervision are crucial for prevention, along with health education campaigns on safe storage practices, labeling, and substance disposal. Timely medical intervention and improved healthcare access are essential to reduce childhood poisoning-related morbidity and mortality, especially in resource-limited settings like India.

Design, Molecular Docking, Synthesis, Anticancer activity of Thiazolidinedione derivatives

Richa Dubey, Kuldeep Singh Patel — Sun, 28 Apr 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Newly designed thiazolidine-2, four-diones RD1-RD15 were synthesized, and their anticancer activities were screened against MCF-7 cancer cells. They exhibited significant activities against MCF-7 cancer cell lines. Compounds RD3 and RD9 were identified as highly potent derivatives against MCF-7 (IC50 = 6.58 and 9.15 µM, respectively). The highly effective derivatives RD1, RD9, RD6, and RD15 were also tested against VERO normal cell lines. All derivatives were evaluated for their androgen inhibitory activities and showed varying degrees of potency, with IC50 values ranging from 0.07 to 0.83 µM. Additionally, derivatives RD1, RD6, and RD15 were assessed to confirm their in vitro binding affinities for anticancer activities. Finally, docking studies were conducted to investigate their affinities and binding modes toward androgen receptors.

Simulated acetaminophen plasma profiles from fixed-dose combination formulations: studies using the flow-through cell dissolution method

Sun, 28 Apr 2024 00:00:00 +0000

The aim of this work was to simulate acetaminophen plasma profiles from two fixed-dose combination formulations (acetylsalicylic acid, acetaminophen, and caffeine of generic vs. reference formulation) and in vitro dissolution data generated by the flow-through cell apparatus (laminar flow of 16 ml/min, 22.6 mm cells and 0.1 M phosphate buffer pH 7.4). Results were compared with in vitro release information of USP apparatus type II (paddle at 100 rpm and 900 ml of same dissolution medium). Dissolved drugs until 60 min were determined with a ratio-derivative spectrophotometric method. To compare dissolution profiles of each drug, dissolution efficiency and mean dissolution time were calculated. To predict in vivo behavior a convolution approach as well as acetaminophen published information were used. Peak plasma concentrations and area under the curve (zero time to infinity) were considered and values of predicted error for these pharmacokinetic parameters were established. When comparing dissolution profiles with Student’s t-tests significant differences were found (p < 0.05). All values of predicted error showed satisfactory results since only data generated by the flow-through cell dissolution method achieved < 10% for each pharmacokinetic parameter. It is important to carried out in vivo studies with used formulations to corroborate the obtained results.

Serum Cortisol Levels in Children with Catecholamine-Dependent Shock – A Prospective Observational Study

Vijayabharathi E, Latha V, Prabakaran S, Shanthi Sangareddi — Sun, 28 Apr 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Pediatric septic shock poses a significant challenge in ICUs worldwide, with high mortality and morbidity rates despite medical advancements. Early recognition and aggressive management are crucial. Resistance to standard therapies in some cases suggests potential adrenal insufficiency, particularly relative adrenal insufficiency (RAI), though research is limited. This study aimed to assess adrenal insufficiency prevalence in pediatric septic shock by evaluating basal serum cortisol levels in 49 children aged 1 month to 12 years admitted to the PICU. Results showed a significant 41% prevalence of adrenal insufficiency, correlating with prolonged critical care needs. Despite increased interventions, mortality rates didn't notably differ between groups. Recognition of adrenal insufficiency is vital due to its association with extended critical care requirements. Further research, including stimulation tests and trials, is needed to distinguish absolute and relative adrenal insufficiency and assess potential benefits of steroid supplementation. This study underscores the importance of comprehensive management strategies incorporating adrenal function assessment in improving outcomes for critically ill children with septic shock.