A comparative study of novel biomarkers on preeclampsia in relation to body mass index

Abstract

Objective of the study was to compare serum level of nitric oxide (NO), endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), arginine, placental growth factor (PIGF), soluble Fms like tyrosine kinase-1 (sFlt-1), soluble endoglin (sEng), malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase, in normotensive and preeclamptic pregnancies in relation to body mass index (BMI).  The study was done on 100 healthy normotensive and 100 preeclamptic pregnant women. Based on BMI, they were categorized into three groups. Group 1 (<25 kg/m²), group 2 (25 – 30 kg/m²) and group 3 (>30 kg/m²). ADMA, eNOS, arginine, PlGF, sFlt-1, sEng were estimated by ELISA method, and MDA, NO, GPx, SOD, and catalase by spectrophotometric method. Statistically, a significant difference was not observed within normotensive and preeclampsia in relation to BMI. But when respective normotensive was compared with preeclampsia, there was a high increase of ADMA, sFlt-1, sEng, and MDA. A significant decrease was observed in arginine, eNOS, NO, GPx, SOD, and catalase in preeclampsia. This study shows that though preeclampsia is associated with overweight and obesity, but during pregnancy, higher BMI has no additional deleterious effect in preeclampsia