Protective effect of venotonic formula Hemoronil tablet on croton oil prompted hemorrhoid model in wistar albino rats

Abstract

Hemorrhoids are among the most common and prevalent anorectal disorders, affecting an estimated 4.4% of the general population worldwide. Traditional herbal medicine has held a prominent role in the treatment of hemorrhoids since ancient times. Currently, phlebotonics are extensively utilized to manage a range of conditions, including hemorrhoids and chronic venous insufficiency. The present study evaluated the oral acute toxicity and efficacy of phlebotonics fortified with vitamins (Hemoronil Tablet) in alleviating hemorrhoidal disorders induced by croton oil in Wistar albino rats.Two series of experiments were conducted: the first evaluated the acute oral toxicity effect of Hemoronil in an experimental model, and the second assessed its protective effect in animals with induced hemorrhoids. The acute oral toxicity analysis revealed no clinical signs or mortalities when administered once orally at doses up to 2000 mg/kg. Croton oil treatment significantly increased the recto-anal coefficient (p<0.0001) in the positive control group compared to normal control animals. Administration of Hemoronil tablet (400 mg/kg) (p<0.0001) caused a significant decline in the recto-anal coefficient, and the cytoarchitecture of the recto-anal portion showed marked protection against histological damage, appearing significantly similar to normal tissue. Treatment with Hemoronil tablet also resulted in a reduction in vasodilation and inflammatory cell infiltration. Additionally, treatment with Hemoronil tablet at 200 mg/kg also led to a mild yet significant improvement in the restoration of the damaged histoarchitecture of recto-anal tissue.The combination of phlebotonics fortified with vitamin C in the Hemoronil tablet is non-toxic and exhibits beneficial effects in ameliorating hemorrhoids through its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and hemostatic properties.