Antiulcer Properties of Guava and Chameli Leaves: A Phytochemical Exploration for Oral Ulcer Management

Abstract

This study explores the therapeutic potential of Psidium guajava (Guava) and Jasminum grandiflorum (Chameli) leaves for oral ulcer treatment. Traditionally used in Ayurveda, these plants are rich in bioactive compounds. Ethanolic extracts were assessed for phytochemical content, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties. Thin-layer chromatography (TLC) confirmed the presence of flavonoids, phenolics, tannins, saponins, terpenoids, steroids, glycosides, and alkaloids. Total phenolics and flavonoids were quantified using colorimetric assays. Antioxidant activity was evaluated through total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and ferric reducing power (FRAP) assays. Anti-inflammatory activity was assessed via albumin denaturation inhibition, anti-protease activity, and membrane stabilization assays. Antibacterial efficacy against Bacillus subtilis and Escherichia coli was tested using agar well diffusion. Guava extract exhibited higher total phenolic content (121.6 mg GAE/g) and comparable flavonoid content (280 mg QE/g) to Chameli. Both extracts demonstrated notable antioxidant activity, with Guava showing superior anti-inflammatory effects across all assays and antibacterial activity against both bacterial strains. These findings highlight the bioactive compounds contributing to the therapeutic potential of Guava and Chameli leaves. The developed herbal oral paste was effective in promoting healing, supporting its potential for oral ulcer treatment, although further clinical validation is needed.