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\begin{document}


\def\RunningAuthor{Veeravel C. et al.}
\firstPage{1689}
\articleType{Original Article}
\receivedDate{27 Mar 2021}
\acceptedDate{01 May 2021}
\revisedDate{29 Apr 2021}
\journalVolume{2021, 12}
\journalIssue{2}
\journalDoi{ijrps.v12i2.4768}
\copyrightYear{2021}
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\def\journalTitle{International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences}

\title{\textbf{Green Route Synthesis of Bio-active Cd(II) and Hg(II) Complexes With `N' Donor Novel Schiff base and Oxalate ion }}
\author{Veeravel~C\textsuperscript{*},  
            Rajasekar~K,  
            Balasubramanian~S, 
            Selvarani~R~\\[5pt]{Research Department of Chemistry, Government Arts College,  (Affiliated to Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli-620024), Ariyalur {\textendash} 621 713, Tamil Nadu, India}}

\begin{abstract}
Green route synthesis of bio-active diamagnetic Cd(II) and Hg(II) complexes with Schiff base and oxalate ion were synthesized using water as a solvent and characterized by using electronic spectra (UV-visible), Fourier transforms infrared (FT-IR), \ensuremath{^{1}}H and \ensuremath{^{13}}C-NMR spectroscopy, mass spectra and physical characterization such as CHN analysis, metal estimation and molar conductivity. \ensuremath{^{1}}H- and \ensuremath{^{13}}C-NMR spectra of ligand complex compared with Schiff base. The complexes have the general formula of ML\ensuremath{_{2}}X (M= Cd(II) \& Hg(II), L-C\ensuremath{_{15}}H\ensuremath{_{13}}N, X-C\ensuremath{_{2}}O\ensuremath{_{4}} ) confirmed based on the results of elemental analysis, metal estimation and the reasonable shift of mass spectra, FT-IR and NMR spectral signals of the complexes compared with free Schiff base. The coordination of Schiff-base and anionic ligands through an inner-sphere coordination mode by imine nitrogen and the oxygen atom of oxalate ion. The conductivity measurements of metal complexes indicate that they are non-electrolyte. The Schiff base and its metal chelates were tested \textit{in-vitro} bio-potential activity against bacterial strain such as \textit{E. coli, S. aureus,}\textit{B. subtilis, }\textit{P. aeruginosa }and fungal strain \textit{viz.,}\textit{C Albicans,} \textit{A. Niger } by Agar disc diffusion method using chloramphenicol and fluconazole as bacterial and fungal standard. The results revealed that the metal (II) chelates exhibited higher antibacterial activity than the free Schiff base. 
\end{abstract}\def\keywordstitle{Keywords}

\begin{keywords}(E-N-((E)-3-phenylallylidene)aniline,\newline Cinnamaldehyde,\newline Aniline,\newline Antibacterial,\newline Antifungal
\end{keywords}
\twocolumn[ \maketitle {\printKwdAbsBox}]
\makeatletter{\raggedright\textsuperscript{*}Corresponding Author\par Name:\ Veeravel~C~\\ Phone:\ 09626083056~\\  Email:\ cveeravel.ml@gmail.com
        \par}\vspace*{-11pt}\hrulefill\par{\fontsize{12}{14}\selectfont ISSN: 0975-7538}\par% 
        \textsc{DOI:}\ \href{https://doi.org/10.26452/\@journalDoi}{\textcolor{blue}{\underline{\smash{https://doi.org/10.26452/\@journalDoi}}}}\par%
        \vspace*{-11pt}\hrulefill\\{\fontsize{9.12}{10.12}\selectfont Production and Hosted by}\par{IJRPS |~\href{www.ijrps.com}{www.ijrps.com}}\par%
        \vspace*{-2pt}{\fontsize{9.12}{10.12}\selectfont\textcopyright\ \@copyrightYear\ $|$ All rights reserved.}\par%
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        \makeatother
        
    
\section{Introduction}
Compounds with C=N (azomethine group) is known as Schiff bases, which were synthesized from the condensation of primary amines and compounds with active carbonyl groups (Aldehyde or Ketone) \unskip~\citep{1118902:22338603}. Literature reports show analytical and industrial applications of Schiff bases and their metal complexes \unskip~\citep{1118902:22338594,1118902:22338608}. They show a variety of biological applications \unskip~\citep{1118902:22338610,1118902:22338599}, including antibacterial \unskip~\citep{1118902:22338607}, antifungal \unskip~\citep{1118902:22338592} and anticancer properties \unskip~\citep{1118902:22338613}. It is an important intermediate for enzymatic reactions.  In medical chemistry, Schiff base complexes are known as a new anti-cancer agent \unskip~\citep{1118902:22338600} because of their abilities of the cleavage of DNA strands and destruction of cancer cell \unskip~\citep{1118902:22338597}. 

Cadmium Schiff base metal complexes have shown various properties such as luminescent potential \unskip~\citep{1118902:22338606}, antimicrobial activity \unskip~\citep{1118902:22338591}, anticancer \unskip~\citep{1118902:22338602}, urease inhibitory activity, \unskip~\citep{1118902:22338612} corrosion inhibitory effect \unskip~\citep{1118902:22338590} and photo catalytic activity \unskip~\citep{1118902:22338587}. 

The present studies Aim to synthesis of Cd(II) \& Hg(II) complexes with monodentate Schiff base ((E-N-((E)-3-phenylallylidene)aniline) and characterized by analytical, spectral, and Bio-potential activities. 
    
\section{Materials and Methods}
The chemicals and solvent used as such without further purification. Aniline, Cinnamaldehyde, sodium oxalate, Cadmium nitratetetrahydrate and Mercury chloride were of AnalaR grade. Using Thermo Finnegan make, Flash EA1112 series CHNS(O) analyser instrument, the elemental analysis of the complexes were carried out. The molar conductance 10\ensuremath{^{-3 }} M complex solution in acetonitrile was measured using Systronic Conductivity Bridge at 30\ensuremath{^{\ensuremath{^\circ}}}C. 

Electronic spectra of the Schiff base and the metal(II) complexes were obtained by solid-state diffused reflectance method spectra (DRS-method) using JASCO model No: V-650 make UV-VIS spectrophotometer. The IR-spectra of Schiff base and its metal complexes were recorded in the range of 4000-400cm\ensuremath{^{-1}} using KBr pellet technique by Perkin Elmer spectrum, ONE-NO17-1159 Spectrometer and the \ensuremath{^{1}}H \& \ensuremath{^{13}}C NMR spectra of Cd(II) \& Hg(II) complexes were also recorded in DMSO-d\ensuremath{_{6}} using BRUKER AS-3590-I spectrometer. 

\textbf{Antimicrobial assay}

The newly synthesized metal chelates were screened for their antibacterial and antifungal activity against four bacterial strains, namely \textit{E. coli}, \textit{S.aureus}, \textit{B.subtilis } and \textit{P.aeruginos} and \textit{C.Albicans}, \textit{A.Niger} for fungal strains were obtained from Microbial type culture collection at the Institute of Microbial Technology, Chandigarh, India. Petri plates were prepared by pouring 30 ml of Nutrient agar (NA) and Potato dextrose agar (PDA) medium. The plates were incubated at 37 \text{\textordmasculine}C for 24 hours for the bacteria and 48 hours for fungal strains. Each sample was tested in triplicate. Each disc was added 100\ensuremath{\mu }l of test samples, chloramphenicol for bacteria and Fluconazole for fungi used as standard drug separately. The zone of inhibition was measured in millimetres. 

\textbf{Synthesis of Schiff base}

The Schiff base were synthesized by mixing 0.462g (4.90 mmole) of aniline in 10 ml ethanol, 0.668g (5.05 mmole) of cinnamaldehyde in 10 ml diethyl ether was mixed in a beaker, add 15ml of water as a catalyst. The whole mixture was stirred for 10 min at room temperature. The pale-yellow precipitated powder was formed and filtered, washed with water, dried in desiccators, kept in a glass container (Figure~\ref{f-b9879a2d188d}).


\bgroup
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\caption{\boldmath {The Schiff base is soluble in ethanol}}
\label{f-b9879a2d188d}
\end{figure}
\egroup

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\caption{\boldmath {The Schiff base ligand has moderate activity against C. Albicans, B. Subtilis and showed no activity against \textit{A.niger}}}
\label{f-0aac2ff8079d}
\end{figure}
\egroup

\begin{table*}[!htbp]
\caption{\boldmath {Elemental Analysis} }
\label{tw-649f99595c1b}
\centering 
\begin{threeparttable}

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\tbltoprule \rowcolor{kwdboxcolor}\cAlignHack S. No. & \cAlignHack Compound & \cAlignHack \% C & \cAlignHack \% H  & \cAlignHack \% N & \cAlignHack \% O~ & \cAlignHack \% Metal\\
\tblmidrule 
\cAlignHack 1. &
  \cAlignHack (C\ensuremath{_{15}}H\ensuremath{_{13}}N) &
  \cAlignHack 86.86 &
  \cAlignHack 06.27 &
  \cAlignHack 06.75 &
  \cAlignHack - &
  \cAlignHack -\\
 &
   &
  \cAlignHack (86.90) &
  \cAlignHack (06.30) &
  \cAlignHack (06.00) &
  \cAlignHack  &
  \\
\cAlignHack 2. &
  \cAlignHack [Cd(C\ensuremath{_{15}}H\ensuremath{_{13}}N)\ensuremath{_{2}}(C\ensuremath{_{2}}O\ensuremath{_{4}})]  &
  \cAlignHack 58.18 &
  \cAlignHack 03.93 &
  \cAlignHack 04.24 &
  \cAlignHack 09.99  &
  \cAlignHack 17.00 \\
 &
   &
  \cAlignHack (58.20) &
  \cAlignHack (03.50) &
  \cAlignHack (04.60) &
  \cAlignHack (10.00) &
  \cAlignHack (17.10)\\
\cAlignHack 3. &
  \cAlignHack [Hg(C\ensuremath{_{15}}H\ensuremath{_{13}}N)\ensuremath{_{2}}(C\ensuremath{_{2}}O\ensuremath{_{4}})] &
  \cAlignHack 51.25 &
  \cAlignHack 03.47 &
  \cAlignHack 03.73 &
  \cAlignHack 08.54 &
  \cAlignHack 26.77\\
 &
   &
  \cAlignHack (51.21) &
  \cAlignHack (03.30) &
  \cAlignHack (03.40) &
  \cAlignHack (08.12) &
  \cAlignHack (27.00)\\
\tblbottomrule 
\end{tabulary}\par 
\begin{tablenotes}\footnotesize 
    
\item{*Theoretical values are given in parenthesis}
\end{tablenotes}
\end{threeparttable}

\end{table*}

\begin{table*}[!htbp]
\caption{\boldmath {Physical and spectral data} }
\label{tw-f5241b40e49a}
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\tbltoprule \rowcolor{kwdboxcolor}\cAlignHack S. No. & \cAlignHack Compound & \cAlignHack Color & \cAlignHack MP (\ensuremath{^\circ}C) & \cAlignHack Molar Conductance \mbox{}\protect\newline (Ohm\ensuremath{^{1}}cm\ensuremath{^{2}}mole\ensuremath{^{1}}) & \cAlignHack \ensuremath{\lambda }\ensuremath{_{max}} \mbox{}\protect\newline (nm) & \cAlignHack Yield\\
\tblmidrule 
\cAlignHack 1. &
  \cAlignHack (C\ensuremath{_{15}}H\ensuremath{_{13}}N) &
  \cAlignHack Pale yellow &
  \cAlignHack 125 &
  \cAlignHack 20.00 &
  \cAlignHack 261 &
  \cAlignHack 71.42\\
\cAlignHack  &
  \cAlignHack  &
  \cAlignHack  &
  \cAlignHack  &
  \cAlignHack  &
  \cAlignHack 388 &
  \cAlignHack \\
\cAlignHack 2. &
  \cAlignHack [Cd(C\ensuremath{_{15}}H\ensuremath{_{13}}N)\ensuremath{_{2}}(C\ensuremath{_{2}}O\ensuremath{_{4}})] &
  \cAlignHack Colourless &
  \cAlignHack 190 &
  \cAlignHack 20.00 &
  \cAlignHack 259 &
  \cAlignHack 68.75\\
\cAlignHack  &
  \cAlignHack  &
  \cAlignHack  &
  \cAlignHack  &
  \cAlignHack  &
  \cAlignHack 354 &
  \cAlignHack \\
\cAlignHack 3. &
  \cAlignHack [Hg (C\ensuremath{_{15}}H\ensuremath{_{13}}N)\ensuremath{_{2}}(C\ensuremath{_{2}}O\ensuremath{_{4}})] &
  \cAlignHack Fly-ash &
  \cAlignHack 195 &
  \cAlignHack 09.09 &
  \cAlignHack 383 &
  \cAlignHack 77.77\\
\tblbottomrule 
\end{tabulary}\par 
\end{table*}

\begin{table*}[!htbp]
\caption{\boldmath {Antimicrobial data} }
\label{tw-8783be6d40f1}
\centering 
\begin{threeparttable}

\def\arraystretch{1.1}
\ignorespaces 
\centering 
\begin{tabulary}{\linewidth}{p{\dimexpr.14065714285714284\linewidth-2\tabcolsep}p{\dimexpr.15815714285714284\linewidth-2\tabcolsep}p{\dimexpr.1713571428571429\linewidth-2\tabcolsep}p{\dimexpr.13737142857142864\linewidth-2\tabcolsep}p{\dimexpr.13960000000000006\linewidth-2\tabcolsep}p{\dimexpr.12857142857142858\linewidth-2\tabcolsep}p{\dimexpr.12428571428571432\linewidth-2\tabcolsep}}
\tbltoprule \rowcolor{kwdboxcolor}\cAlignHack Sample does \mbox{}\protect\newline (100 \ensuremath{\mu}l) & \cAlignHack \textit{E. coli} (mm) & \cAlignHack \textit{S. aureus} (mm) & \cAlignHack \textit{B. subtilis} (mm) & \cAlignHack \textit{P. aeruginos} (mm) & \cAlignHack \textit{C. Albicans }(mm) & \cAlignHack \textit{A. Niger }(mm)\\
\tblmidrule 
\cAlignHack Control &
  \cAlignHack 01.66 &
  \cAlignHack 01.33 &
  \cAlignHack 01.00 &
  \cAlignHack 01.33 &
  \cAlignHack 01.0 &
  \cAlignHack 00.66\\
\cAlignHack CV &
  \cAlignHack 09.00 &
  \cAlignHack 08.65 &
  \cAlignHack 07.65 &
  \cAlignHack 08.49 &
  \cAlignHack 07.15 &
  \cAlignHack 06.82\\
\cAlignHack V9 &
  \cAlignHack 09.60 &
  \cAlignHack 09.40 &
  \cAlignHack 08.00 &
  \cAlignHack 09.00 &
  \cAlignHack 07.60 &
  \cAlignHack 07.00\\
\cAlignHack V10 &
  \cAlignHack 12.80 &
  \cAlignHack 11.80 &
  \cAlignHack 10.40 &
  \cAlignHack 11.30 &
  \cAlignHack 10.30 &
  \cAlignHack 09.40\\
\cAlignHack Std &
  \cAlignHack 15.60 &
  \cAlignHack 15.00 &
  \cAlignHack 14.30 &
  \cAlignHack 14.80 &
  \cAlignHack 13.60 &
  \cAlignHack 13.40\\
\tblbottomrule 
\end{tabulary}\par 
\begin{tablenotes}\footnotesize 
    
\item{CV-Schiff base, V9- Cd(II) complex \& V10-Hg(II) complex}
\end{tablenotes}
\end{threeparttable}

\end{table*}

\begin{table*}[!htbp]
\caption{\boldmath {\ensuremath{^{1}}H NMR Spectral Data} }
\label{tw-f7a6ee242e37}
\def\arraystretch{1.1}
\ignorespaces 
\centering 
\begin{tabulary}{\linewidth}{p{\dimexpr.0806\linewidth-2\tabcolsep}p{\dimexpr.24638\linewidth-2\tabcolsep}p{\dimexpr.25645999999999997\linewidth-2\tabcolsep}p{\dimexpr.20664\linewidth-2\tabcolsep}p{\dimexpr.20992\linewidth-2\tabcolsep}}
\tbltoprule \rowcolor{kwdboxcolor}\cAlignHack S. No. & \multicolumn{4}{p{\dimexpr(.9194000000000001\linewidth-2\tabcolsep)}}{\cAlignHack Chemical shift (ppm)}\\
\rowcolor{kwdboxcolor} & \cAlignHack Complex/Ligand & \cAlignHack Azomethine proton & \cAlignHack Aromatic Phenyl & \cAlignHack Aliphatic proton\\
\tblmidrule 
\cAlignHack 1. &
  \cAlignHack Schiff base &
  \cAlignHack 7.43 - 7.44 &
  \cAlignHack 7.342-7.359 &
  \cAlignHack 6.58-6.58 \& \mbox{}\protect\newline 7.40-7.41\\
\cAlignHack 2. &
  \cAlignHack Cd(II) complex &
  \cAlignHack 7.67-7.68 &
  \cAlignHack 8.38-8.40 &
  \cAlignHack 7.40-7.41\\
\cAlignHack 3. &
  \cAlignHack Hg(II) complex &
  \cAlignHack 8.44-8.61 &
  \cAlignHack 7.70-7.76 &
  \cAlignHack 7.44-7.45\\
\tblbottomrule 
\end{tabulary}\par 
\end{table*}

\begin{table*}[!htbp]
\caption{\boldmath {\ensuremath{^{13}}C NMR Spectral Data} }
\label{tw-7e8920828138}
\def\arraystretch{1.1}
\ignorespaces 
\centering 
\begin{tabulary}{\linewidth}{p{\dimexpr.0436\linewidth-2\tabcolsep}p{\dimexpr.10159999999999997\linewidth-2\tabcolsep}p{\dimexpr.07309999999999999\linewidth-2\tabcolsep}p{\dimexpr.09100000000000003\linewidth-2\tabcolsep}p{\dimexpr.07899999999999999\linewidth-2\tabcolsep}p{\dimexpr.0853\linewidth-2\tabcolsep}p{\dimexpr.07759999999999999\linewidth-2\tabcolsep}p{\dimexpr.07890000000000001\linewidth-2\tabcolsep}p{\dimexpr.0797\linewidth-2\tabcolsep}p{\dimexpr.07579999999999998\linewidth-2\tabcolsep}p{\dimexpr.07239999999999998\linewidth-2\tabcolsep}p{\dimexpr.06820000000000003\linewidth-2\tabcolsep}p{\dimexpr.07379999999999999\linewidth-2\tabcolsep}}
\tbltoprule \rowcolor{kwdboxcolor}\cAlignHack S. & \cAlignHack Complex/ & \multicolumn{11}{p{\dimexpr(.8547999999999999\linewidth-2\tabcolsep)}}{\cAlignHack Chemical shift (ppm)}\\
\rowcolor{kwdboxcolor}\cAlignHack No. & \cAlignHack Ligand & \cAlignHack C\ensuremath{_{1}} & \cAlignHack C\ensuremath{_{2}} & \cAlignHack C\ensuremath{_{3}} & \cAlignHack C\ensuremath{_{4}} & \cAlignHack C\ensuremath{_{5}} & \cAlignHack C\ensuremath{_{6}} & \cAlignHack C\ensuremath{_{7}} & \cAlignHack C\ensuremath{_{8}} & \cAlignHack C\ensuremath{_{9}} & \cAlignHack C\ensuremath{_{10}} & \cAlignHack C\ensuremath{_{11}}\\
\tblmidrule 
\cAlignHack 1. &
  \cAlignHack Schiff base &
  \cAlignHack 128.04 &
  \cAlignHack 128.69 &
  \cAlignHack 126.50 &
  \cAlignHack 135.85 &
  \cAlignHack 144.81 &
  \cAlignHack 120.31 &
  \cAlignHack 162.51 &
  \cAlignHack 151.79 &
  \cAlignHack 121.63 &
  \cAlignHack 130.11 &
  \cAlignHack 127.69\\
\cAlignHack 2. &
  \cAlignHack Cd(II) complex &
  \cAlignHack 128.66 &
  \cAlignHack 129.71 &
  \cAlignHack 129.46 &
  \cAlignHack 144.86 &
  \cAlignHack 135.84 &
  \cAlignHack 121.34 &
  \cAlignHack 162.58 &
  \cAlignHack 151.76 &
  \cAlignHack 128.05 &
  \cAlignHack 130.14 &
  \cAlignHack 126.52\\
\cAlignHack 3. &
  \cAlignHack Hg(II) complex &
  \cAlignHack 128.81 &
  \cAlignHack 129.42 &
  \cAlignHack 129.46 &
  \cAlignHack 145.07 &
  \cAlignHack 135.72 &
  \cAlignHack 119.26 &
  \cAlignHack 158.86 &
  \cAlignHack 156.60 &
  \cAlignHack 128.28 &
  \cAlignHack 130.12 &
  \cAlignHack 126.99\\
\tblbottomrule 
\end{tabulary}\par 
\end{table*}
\textbf{Synthesis of Cd(II) Complexes}

1.00g (3.20 mmole) of Cadmium nitrate was dissolved in 10ml of methanol and 1.34g (6.44 mmole) of Schiff base in 10ml ethanol and 0.434g (3.20 mmol) oxalate in 20ml water. The mixture was stirred at room temperature for about 20 min after adding 15 ml water used as a green catalyst. The obtained colourless precipitate was filtered, washed and dried in a desiccator.

\textbf{Synthesis of Hg(II) Complexes}

1.00g (3.60 mmol) mercury chloride was dissolved in 10ml of methanol and the 1.526g (7.30mmol). Schiff base in 20ml ethanol and oxalate ion 0.493g (3.60 mmole) in 20ml water stirred at room temperature for about 20 min after adding 15 ml water used as a green catalyst. The obtained fly-ash colour precipitate was filtered, washed and dried in a desiccator.
    
\section{Results and Discussion}
\textbf{Elemental analysis and Molar Conductance}

The Schiff base is pale-yellow in color whereas metal complexes are colorless and fly ash color respectively. They are soluble in common organic solvents such as DMSO, ethanol and methanol but insoluble in water. They are stable under ordinary conditions. The elemental analysis and metal estimation data show the complexes stoichiometry's as 1:1 metal and ligand ratio based on the literature of Geary \textit{et al., }the low values of molar conductance indicate that they are non-electrolytes (1:0 type) \unskip~\citep{1118902:22338611}. The physicochemical and analytical data's are given in Table~\ref{tw-649f99595c1b} and Table~\ref{tw-f5241b40e49a}.

\textbf{Mass spectrum of Schiff base}

The ESI mass spectral fragmentation of Schiff base shows the m/z value at 207 indicating the formula and molecular weight of them, the other two m/z values of 115 and 89 indicating the fragment of C\ensuremath{_{9}}H\ensuremath{_{8}}\ensuremath{^{+ }} and C\ensuremath{_{6}}H\ensuremath{_{7}}N\ensuremath{^{-}}\unskip~\citep{1118902:22338609}.

\textbf{IR spectrum}

To predict binding mode and complex formation ability of Schiff base towards metal ions, IR spectral data of Schiff base compared with metal chelates. The IR spectrum of free Schiff base exhibit peak at 1621cm\ensuremath{^{-1}} indicates the azomethine group (-CH=N) which are shifted to the lower frequency at 1572 cm\ensuremath{^{\ensuremath{-}1}} in Cd(II) complex and higher frequencies at 1631cm\ensuremath{^{\ensuremath{-}1}} in Hg(II) complex indicates the coordination of Schiff base to the metal through its azomethine nitrogen atom. The increasing stretching Frequency based on the electron density of that particular group\textit{. } A broad peak at 3053 cm\ensuremath{^{\ensuremath{-}1}} is assigned to hydrogen-bonded aromatic C-H of ligand, which is appeared at 3047cm\ensuremath{^{-1}} in Cd(II) and 3063cm\ensuremath{^{-1 }} in Hg(II) complexes due to the involvement of aromatic ring in coordination. The other frequencies of C=C, C-C, C-H, C-N at 1953cm\ensuremath{^{-1}}, 2979cm\ensuremath{^{\ensuremath{-}1}}, 3456cm\ensuremath{^{\ensuremath{-}1}} and 1300cm\ensuremath{^{\ensuremath{-}1}} respectively in Schiff base which are shifted to higher/lower frequencies at 1963cm\ensuremath{^{\ensuremath{-}1}}, 2920 cm\ensuremath{^{\ensuremath{-}1}}, 3420 cm\ensuremath{^{\ensuremath{-}1 }} \&1310 cm\ensuremath{^{\ensuremath{-}1}} in Cd(II) complex while 1980 cm\ensuremath{^{\ensuremath{-}1}}, 2980 cm\ensuremath{^{\ensuremath{-}1}}, 3562 cm\ensuremath{^{\ensuremath{-}1}}, 1321 cm\ensuremath{^{\ensuremath{-}1 }} in Hg(II) complex. The very weak band which is absent in Schiff base but present in metal complexes are in the ranges of 476 cm\ensuremath{^{ -1}}for Cd(II) complex and 467 for Hg(II) complex, 364-343 cm\ensuremath{^{-1 }}Hg(II) complex assigned to stretching frequencies of both C-O bond in oxalate by \ensuremath{\nu }(M-O) mode \unskip~\citep{1118902:22338593,1118902:22338595,1118902:22338604}. \textit{}

\textbf{UV-Visible spectra}

UV-visible absorption spectrum of the Schiff base show two absorption broad bands at 261 nm and 388 nm corresponding to the \ensuremath{\pi }\ensuremath{\rightarrow}\ensuremath{\pi }* and n\ensuremath{\rightarrow}\ensuremath{\pi }* transitions \unskip~\citep{1118902:22338605}. The bivalent Cd\ensuremath{^{2+}}complex are diamagnetic with filled d\ensuremath{^{10}} electronic configuration, and the d-d transition is not expected for this filled configuration. The complex show only charges transfer transitions (C-T) band MLCT \& LMCT at 259nm \& 354nm respectively suggested that the tetrahedral geometry \unskip~\citep{1118902:22338596}. The same conclusion is in Hg(II) complex, which shows only one broad peak at 383nm also indicates the (C-T) charge transfer transition confirming the tetrahedral geometry around the Hg(II) \unskip~\citep{1118902:22338601}. 

\ensuremath{^{1}}\textbf{H and \ensuremath{^{13}}C NMR studies}

\ensuremath{^{1}}H NMR spectrum of (E-N-((E)-3-phenylallylidene)aniline and its diamagnetic complexes was recorded in DMSO-d6 using TMS as an internal standard. A signal at 7.43-7.44 ppm confirms the presence of azomethine proton (\mbox{\textminus}HC=N) group \unskip~\citep{1118902:22338589,1118902:22338598}. The signal at 7.67-7.68 ppm (multiplet) corresponding to the protons of the aromatic phenyl ring in the Schiff base. The signals observed at \ensuremath{\delta } 6.58-6.589 and 7.40-7.41 ppm were due to the aliphatic protons of the Schiff base. 

\ensuremath{^{13}}C {\textendash}NMR spectrum of Schiff base gives eleven different carbon atoms corresponds to aromatic {\textendash}C\ensuremath{_{1}}, ortho-C, meta C-C-H, allylic-C\ensuremath{_{1}}, allylic-C\ensuremath{_{2}}, imine-C, C-N, meta-C, ortho-C, para-C respectively in indicating the complex. All the \ensuremath{^{1}}H and \ensuremath{^{13}}C {\textendash}NMR spectral data of Schiff base shifted to downfield/up-field upon coordination to metal ion in metal chelates (Table~\ref{tw-f7a6ee242e37} and Table~\ref{tw-7e8920828138}).

\textbf{In-vitro Biological activity studies}

Bio-potential activities of \textit{E.coli, S. aureus, B. subtilis, P.aeruginos, C. Albicans \& A. Niger} were assessed by the Schiff base and metal complexes by agar well diffusion method using \textit{in-vitro. } The enhancement of the biological activity of the complexes than the free ligand due to the lipophilicity, which are the major factor for the enhancement, the positive charge on the metal ion attracted to the ligand and sharing of electrons favour the lipophilicity. The cell growth of the bacteria is reduced by the lipid membrane, the other factors which favour the biological activity such as chelation, neutral nature, molecular weight and metal ions nature. The results revealed that the Schiff base ligand has moderate activity against \textit{E coli,} \textit{S. aureus}  \textit{P. aeruginosa}. The activity follows the order \textit{E.coli {\textgreater} S. aureus {\textgreater} P.aeruginos}. The Schiff base ligand has moderate activity against \textit{C. Albicans, B. Subtilis} and showed no activity against \textit{A.niger }(Figure~\ref{f-0aac2ff8079d})\textit{.} The bio-potential activity of the complexes was found to be in the order of \textit{E.coli } {\textgreater} \textit{S. aureus } {\textgreater} \textit{P.aeruginos} {\textgreater} \textit{B. Subtilis}\unskip~\citep{1118902:22338588}. The MIC values are given in Table~\ref{tw-8783be6d40f1}.
    
\section{Conclusion}
The Schiff base metal complexes prepared by the green route method. The ligands Schiff base is monodentate whereas oxalate ion as bidentate in nature, so they can form chelate complexes. The binding mode and complex formation nature was concluded from the stretching frequencies of IR spectral data and the molecular formula was also concluded by mass spectra. Electronic absorption spectra suggested that the tetrahedral and square planar geometry of the complex. The complexes are non-electrolyte, stable they show potent antibacterial and antifungal activities against tested bacterial and fungal strains.  
\section*{Acknowledgement}The authors are thankful to the guide Dr. K.Rajasekar for his valuable suggestions and the department of chemistry, Government Arts college - Ariyalur for providing all the required facilities to carry out this research work successfully.\textbf{\space }

\textbf{Conflict of Interest}

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest for this study.

\textbf{Funding Support}

The authors declare that they have no funding support for this study.
    

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