A review of the phytochemical compounds and pharmacological activities of Eurycoma longifolia
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Eurycoma Longifolia, Traditional Usage, Phytochemical Compound, Pharmacology Activity
Abstract
Eurycoma longifolia belongs to Simaroubaceae family. It is a tall tree and has different local name from many countries and this review consisted of their traditional usage, phytochemical compounds and pharmacological activity. A systematic review was conducted to study the scientific work of E. longifolia which published in the last 10 years and minimum 20 articles that published in the last 2 years, published in Pubmed, Scopus etc. also has a digital object identifier (DOI). E. longifolia was a popular traditional medicine. The leaves was used as supplement for giving birth, its bark as anthelmintic and its roots as antimalaria, laxative, antidiabetic etc. Due to high demand of this plant there are various formula of E. longifolia available in health food market. Many studies have been performed to determine the active constituents and pharmacology activities of E. longifolia. Alkaloid, quassinoid, polyphenols, flavonoid, polysaccharide, triterpenoid were found in E. longifolia. Quassinoids is a major phytochemical compound in E. longifolia which has various types like eurycumanone, eurycomanol, eurycomadilactone and eurylactone. Quassinoids has bitter taste and often found in Simaroubaceae family. Pharmacological activities of E. longifolia such as anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antioxidant, antimicrobial, antidiabetic, anti-osteoporotic activities. The literature review results showed that E. longifolia can be considered as medicinal plant for human. In the future, further studies on mechanism of pharmacology activity of E. longifolia are warranted.
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