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\begin{document}


\def\RunningAuthor{Pratik Phansopkar et al.}
\firstPage{399}
\articleType{Original Article}
\receivedDate{16 May 2020}
\acceptedDate{25 Jun 2020}
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\title{Impact of COVID-19 in India, a disastrous pandemic outbreak}
\author{Shrushti~Jachak,  
            Pratik~Phansopkar\textsuperscript{*}, 
            Waqar~Naqvi~M~\\[5pt]{Department of Musculoskeletal Physiotherapy, Ravi Nair Physiotherapy College, Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences, Wardha, Maharashtra, India}}

\begin{abstract}
Coronavirus disease in 2019, also called COVID-19, which has been widely spread worldwide had given rise to a pandemic situation. The public health emergency of international concern declares the agent as the (SARS-CoV-2) the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. The COVID-19 pandemic has an unusual way of stroking the entire world. Crises have spread rapidly, disease load and casualties are still on the rise, and crisis influence is spreading across developing countries. Around the globe, the reactions, perceptions, and outcomes were distinct. The outbreak has reflected unfavourable mental health impacts and symptoms. This pandemic has also affected the healthcare department that is treating the patients suffering from diseases other than corona. The power and severity of slowdown varying from being temporary to a long-term recession, they are unanimous about the fact that the slowdown would have an intense impact amongst various sectors of the economy.  Most importantly, some panic among consumers and firms has disfigured standard patterns of consumption and caused market inconsistency. This article would give the overall idea of how the social, economic, cultural, and psychological aspects influenced by the pandemic.
\end{abstract}\def\keywordstitle{Keywords}

\begin{keywords}COVID-19,\newline Pandemic,\newline Physiotherapy,\newline Health care,\newline Economy
\end{keywords}
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\makeatletter{\raggedright\textsuperscript{*}Corresponding Author\par Name:\ Pratik~Phansopkar~\\ Phone:\ ~\\  Email:\ drpratik77@gmail.com
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\section{Introduction}
The 2019 coronavirus disease pandemic is a public health emergency of global concern and gives rise of provocation to many economic and psychological flexibility. This infection first came across in 2019 in Wuhan, China, that resulted in the 2019{\textendash}2020 pandemic and which started in Asia soon became the worldwide threat among the individuals as it had abruptly spread across the world. It became the first pandemic caused by a coronavirus \unskip~\citep{830243:19811233}. Coronavirus disease in 2019, also called COVID-19, which has been widely spread worldwide had given rise to a pandemic situation. The public health emergency of international concern declares the etiologic agent as the (SARS-CoV-2) the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2.  It reaches everywhere; low and middle-income countries are rushing to respond to this massive and fast-moving challenge. The effect of the disease of mortality and morbidity has become important in a highly industrialized environment since the outbreak. Because of the global economy's stagnation with production intervention, the workings of global supply chains have been disrupted. Companies all over the world, regardless of size, have begun to undergo production reductions. Transport being restricted and even confined between countries has further slowed economic functioning.

Most importantly, some panic among consumers and firms has disfigured standard patterns of consumption and caused market inconsistency. Global financial markets have also reacted to changes, and global stock market indicators have jumped \unskip~\citep{830243:19811236}. The public was limited to circulate outdoors, maintaining social distancing and the termination of every task, even closure of educational institutions, and the population was requested to use safety gloves and protective masks. These activities have the goal of reducing the probability of people to come in contact with the asymptomatic infected patients \unskip~\citep{830243:19811232}.

\textbf{Economic Impact of Covid-19}

Assessing the economic effects of the COVID-19 pandemic is important for governments, but difficult since the situation has exploded very rapidly \unskip~\citep{830243:19811221}. Whenever a worldwide economic crisis has been reported, the consequences are explicitly observed in the employment process of every country. In the wake of the ongoing pandemic, the impact is predicted to be enormous enough to destroy the existing jobs of thousands of employees in India, and this will drive more uncertainty of employment in the country and globally. Overall, employment levels are predominantly stilled across India's private sector economy, as there is a small downfall offset a slight extension in manufacturing in staffing extent throughout the service sector. The earlier estimates of job data indicate that the coronavirus effect may have had a devastating impact on the economy, causing urban unemployment to rise to 30.9\%. Global unemployment has increased to 23.4\%. Over 50 million people may have lost their jobs within two weeks of lockdown.

\textbf{Impact of Covid-19 on Transportation}

The travel industry is distinctly one of the worst-hit sectors, and the ban on international flights has all but shut down this fragment entirely. The main reasons for the increasing pandemic risk in the 21st century are: rapidly growing and dispersed world population; trends in urbanization and population concentration; centralized food production in global supply chains; expanded usage of higher-order foods such as meat; and expansion of global transport networks that serve as vectors for the spread of pathogens \unskip~\citep{830243:19811225}. As the trouble in sectors such as aviation and hospitality are extensively discussed, there are many travel-related industries such as foreign exchange, which are even more affected than aviation and hotels, are frequently overlooked entirely. Due to the shutdown of international and domestic travel, demand for the turbine fuel will comparatively decline. Indian Association of Tour Operators (IATO) and the World Travel and Tourism Council(WTTC) forecasts that hospitality, aviation, and travel sector together may suffer a loss of billions of rupees, resulting in a loss of half a billion of jobs due to travel restrictions being forced on foreign tourists. Lockdown to curb the spread of the coronavirus, which has stalled all businesses in India, barring essential services, the real estate sector counts on top, such as the half-constructed building, metros in big cities making the land ineffectual and workers jobless.

\textbf{Impact of Covid-19 on Agriculture}

COVID-19 has disrupted some of the farming and supply chain operations. The Food and Agriculture Organization reports that COVID-2019 impacts agriculture in two critical respects: availability and demand for food. These two things are closely linked to food health, and thus food protection is also at risk \unskip~\citep{830243:19811229}. Initial reports show that some harvesting activities are interrupted by the unavailability of migrant labourers, particularly in the northwest zone where wheat and pulses are harvested. Supply chains discontinued due to distribution challenges and other concerns. Prices for wheat, vegetables, and other commodities have fallen, but customers still spend more. The shutdown of hotels, restaurants, sweet shops and tea shops depresses the dairy sales already. Meanwhile, owing to misguidance, primarily because of social media, poultry farmers have been badly hit that chickens are the COVID-19 carriers.

\textbf{Mental Health Impact of Covid-19}

The 2019 coronavirus pandemic is a global public health issue and has caused psychological versatility. The outbreak has reflected unfavourable mental health impacts and symptoms. The level of psychological effects as anxiety, depression, and stress since the start of the epidemic has increased due to the sudden shift in scenario, deaths, and isolation.  \unskip~\citep{830243:19811230}.

\textbf{Health CareImpact of Covid-19}

The clinical infection range appears to have three significant patterns: a moderate disease with upper respiratory tract symptoms; non-life - threatening pneumonia; and severe pneumonia with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) that begins with mild symptoms for 7-8 days and then progresses to rapid deterioration and ARDS requiring advance life support \unskip~\citep{830243:19811224}. This pandemic has also affected the healthcare department that is treating the patients suffering from diseases other than corona. Patients with transplants and patients suffering from end-stage organ failure are, particularly at risk. In several nations, elective operations, including live donor transplantation procedures, have ceased\unskip~\citep{830243:19811726}. The 2019 coronavirus disease response appears to be no different. We are not aware of any gender review of the outbreak in the countries concerned or during the preparatory phases by public health organizations or governments. Understanding the disparity between the influence of pandemic outbreaks on women and men is a crucial phase between understanding the primary and secondary impacts of a health emergency on people and populations and in formulating efficient, equitable strategies and initiatives. Although sex-disaggregated COVID-19 evidence shows the same amount of cases affecting men-women, mortality and disease risk appear to vary. Emerging research proposes that men are dying more than women, possibly because of immunological differences based on gender, such as patterns and smoking rates \unskip~\citep{830243:19811223}.

\textbf{Impact of Covid-19 on Education System}

The reaction to the COVID-19, a school closing as an immediate measure to avoid infection transmission, was mandated, and the direct homeschooling program was strictly enforced. Although the new closures of schools vary from summer holidays in that schooling is supposed to begin online, closures are likely to deepen the achievement divide among children between low-income and higher-income families. Children from low-income households live in situations that render home education challenging because electronic learning environments typically include computers and a safe internet connection \unskip~\citep{830243:19811231}. During this phase of lockdown, all the universities are closed, yet the education should be distributed in every aspect; hence worldwide, many teachers have adopted the technology. Faculty have initiated preparing lesson plans to deliver online teaching to their students. Most of the faculty members have trained themselves over online learning platforms \unskip~\citep{830243:19811227}. Though there is a probability that few lecturers might not be sound with technology and will not be able to adopt this model. This entire transition to an online mode of learning has aroused doubts for the faculty about efficiency to manage with the existing technology \unskip~\citep{830243:19811234}. New ideas have to be reached out for teaching practice. Hands-on work will be complicated, but various webinar series can encourage them to learn better in their respective topic. The quality of education provided online is a sensitive issue that requires mandatory attention \unskip~\citep{830243:19811235}.

\textbf{Impact of Covid-19 on Environment}

The impacts have been positive for the environment. The COVID-19 increases China's air quality in the near term and leads significantly to a worldwide cut in carbon release \unskip~\citep{830243:19811228}. The quarantine time has resulted in greater use of single-use plastics, which can find their way into our water bodies and have reduced water pollution, although the effects are only temporary. To be well prepared is the most crucial aspect of future pandemic \unskip~\citep{830243:19811222}. In critical phase like these it is vital to be informed and essential for every individual to unfold the accurate and right facts for the advancement of individuals in the society\unskip~\citep{830243:19811226}.
    
\section{Conclusions}
The Covid-19 coronavirus crisis affects different sectors in different ways.  Production, transportation, and distribution based companies are the worst-hit. It reveals the weaknesses of business firms that require physical presence and manual processes. Against this background, we expect a raise for digitalization and automation in the long term. Those companies that have already digitized and automated the majority of their processes are already in a good situation. Likewise, companies that have made progress in shifting to cloud-based delivery are now satisfying from the scalability of the performance and flexibility of costs. As an economic impact, psychological hit due to pandemic has its count; specific physical effects were correlated with a considerable psychological impact of the outbreak in females and students.
\section*{Acknowledgement}All author made the best contribution for the concept, assessment and evaluation, data acquisition and analysis and interpretation of the data.

\textbf{Conflict of Interest}

The author disclosed no conflict of interest.

\textbf{Funding support}

None.
    

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