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\def\RunningAuthor{Bharat Rathi et al.}
\firstPage{175}
\articleType{Review Article}
\receivedDate{20 Apr 2020}
\acceptedDate{26 May 2020}
\revisedDate{20 May 2020}
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\journalDoi{ijrps.v11iSPL1.2346}
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\title{Relevance of Ayurveda Anti-viral herbal wisdom from the perspective of current researches}
\author{Bharat~Rathi\textsuperscript{*}\textsuperscript{1},  
            Renu~Rathi\textsuperscript{2}, 
            Pramod~Khobragade\textsuperscript{3}~\\[5pt]{\textsuperscript{1}Department of Rasashastra and Bhaishajya Kalpana, Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences (deemed to be university), Sawangi (M), Wardha, Maharashtra, India}~\\{\textsuperscript{2}Department of Kaumarbhritya, Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences (deemed to be university), Sawangi (M), Wardha Maharashtra, India}~\\{\textsuperscript{3}Department of Dravyaguna, Datta Meghe Ayurveda College Hospital \& Research Centre, Wanadongari, Nagpur (MS), Maharashtra, India }}

\begin{abstract}
Due to COVID-19 outbreaks, entire humanity across the globe is suffering from this deadly disease and searching for novel and more effective antiviral herbal drug for its complete cure. Ayurveda compendia have described herbal medicines which are said to be effective against all microorganisms. Hence in this paper attempt is made to review \textit{Krimighna} drugs described in Ayurveda compendia and identify its efficacy on various viral diseases. Relevant references were searched concerning \textit{krimihar drugs } described in \textit{Brihatrayee} viz. Charak Samhita, Sushruta Samhita and Ashtanga Hridaya. Scientific research papers related to pre-clinical and clinical studies showing the antiviral activity of individual \textit{krimighna} drugs were also searched. In all Samhitas total, 56 drugs were found having \textit{Krimighna } properties\textit{.} Out of these only ten drugs\textit{\space } are found to have antiviral activity against various type of viruses such as Herpes Simplex virus (HSV type 1 \& 2), Dengue virus (DNGV), Newcastle Disease virus (NDV), Sindbis virus(SINV) Measles virus, Poliovirus. Herbal medicinal drugs have great potential to treat viral diseases. Considering the global disease burden caused by COVID-19, there is an urgent need to explore the \textit{Krimighna} drugs with antiviral activity and to develop novel and useful antiviral agents to combat the COVID -19 menace effectively.
\end{abstract}\def\keywordstitle{Keywords}

\begin{keywords}Antiviral,\newline COVID-19,\newline Herbal drugs,\newline Krimighna drugs
\end{keywords}
\twocolumn[ \maketitle {\printKwdAbsBox}]
\makeatletter{\raggedright\textsuperscript{*}Corresponding Author\par Name:\ Bharat~Rathi~\\ Phone:\ 91- 9011058301~\\  Email:\ bharat.rathi@dmimsu.edu.in 
        \par}\vspace*{-11pt}\hrulefill\par{\fontsize{12}{14}\selectfont ISSN: 0975-7538}\par% 
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\section{Introduction}
Diseases caused by viruses are increasing worldwide and are becoming a great danger to humanity, causing pandemics throughout the world. COVID-19 outbreak is the latest in this series, and scientists and researchers are searching for novel and more effective antiviral drug for its complete cure. Coronavirus disease COVID-19 is caused by the recently discovered coronavirus serotype 2, which is zoonotic (spread through animals to humans) and now spreading human to human throughout the globe. It was first reported in Wuhan city of Hubei province of China in December 2019 and soon spread across the world, causing thousands of lives \unskip~\citep{798400:19048685}. Corona is an RNA virus causing respiratory morbidity like MERS- Middle East Respiratory Syndrome and SARS- CoV-2 Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome \unskip~\citep{798400:19048706}.


\begin{table*}[!htbp]
\caption{\boldmath {Krimighna drugs described in Charaka Samhita} }
\label{tw-f356633fbb17}
\def\arraystretch{1.1}
\ignorespaces 
\centering 
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\tbltoprule \rowcolor{kwdboxcolor}S.N. & Reference & Name of drugs with Latin Names  & Properties \& Indications\\
\tblmidrule 
1. &
  Krimighna Mahakashya \mbox{}\protect\newline Su.4/11 \mbox{}\protect\newline  &
  Akshiva (Moringa oleifera L.), Maricha (Piper nigrum L.) Gandira (Euphorbia antiquorum L.), Kebuka (Costus speciosus Koen.Sm), Nirgundi (Vitex negundo L.), Vidanga (Embelia ribes Burm.f.)), Kinihi (Achyranthes aspera L.), Swadamshtra (Tribulus terrestris L.), Vrishaparni (Ipomea variety L.) and Akhuparni (Ipomea reniformis Chois.) &
  Krimighna (worm infestation)\\
\tblbottomrule 
\end{tabulary}\par 
\end{table*}

\begin{table*}[!htbp]
\caption{\boldmath {Krimighna drugs described in Sushruta Samhita} }
\label{tw-452a247988bb}
\def\arraystretch{1.1}
\ignorespaces 
\centering 
\begin{tabulary}{\linewidth}{p{\dimexpr.1237\linewidth-2\tabcolsep}p{\dimexpr.1804\linewidth-2\tabcolsep}p{\dimexpr.4459\linewidth-2\tabcolsep}p{\dimexpr.25\linewidth-2\tabcolsep}}
\tbltoprule \rowcolor{kwdboxcolor}S.N. &  Reference  & Name of drugs with Latin names & Properties \& Indications\\
\tblmidrule 
1 &
  Sursadi gana \mbox{}\protect\newline Su. 38/18 &
  Shweta tulsi (Oscimum sanctum L.), Faninjak  (Randia dumentorum Lam), Arjaka  (Ocimum bacillicum L.) Dronapushpa (Leucas cephalotes Spreng.), Rajika (Brassica juncea L.), Kasmarda (Cassia occidentalis L.), Kshawak (Achyranthus aspera L.) Vidanga (Embeli ribes Burm.F.), Kayphal (Myrica escilenta L.), Nirgundi (Vitex negundo L.) Bharangi (Clerodendron serratum spreng.), Kakjangha (Peristrophe bicalyculata Nees.), Kakmachi (Solanum nigrum L.),Vishmushti (strychnos nux-vomica L.) &
  Pacify Kapha,  worm infestation, coryza, anorexia, dyspnoea, cough .\\
2. &
  Lakshadi gana \mbox{}\protect\newline Su.38/64 &
  Laksha (Laccifer lacca Kerr), Amlavetas (Garcinia pendunculata Roxb), Kutaj (Holarrhena antidysentrica Wall), Karvir (Nerium odorum Soland), Kayaphala-(Myrica escilenta L.), Haridra(Curcuma longa L.), Daruharidra (Berberris aristata DC), Nimba (Azadirechta indicia. A. Juss) , Saptaparna (Alstonia scholaris R. Br.), Chameli (Jasminum grandiflorum L.), Traymana (Gentiana kurroo Royle) &
  Pacifies Kapha \& Pitta,  skin  diseases,  worm infestation, septic  ulcer\\
\tblbottomrule 
\end{tabulary}\par 
\end{table*}

\begin{table*}[!htbp]
\caption{\boldmath {Krimighna drugs described in Asthanga Hridaya} }
\label{tw-d4dbded0f86a}
\def\arraystretch{1.1}
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\tbltoprule \rowcolor{kwdboxcolor}S.N. & Reference  & Name of drugs with LatinNames & Properties \& Indications \\
\tblmidrule 
1 &
  Aasanadi gana \mbox{}\protect\newline Su.15/19-20 \mbox{}\protect\newline  &
  Asana (Terminalia tomentosa L.) Tinish (Ougeinia dalbergioldes Benth.), Bhurja (Betula utilis D. Don.), Arjuna (Terminalia arjuna W.\& A.), Karanja (Pongamia glabra Vent) Khadir (Acasia catechu Willd), Kadar (Acacia suma Buch. Ham) Shirish (Albizzia lebbeck Benth.), Shinshapa (Dalbergia sissoo Roxb) Meshshringa (Gymnema sylestree R. Br.), Chanadan (Sanctum album L.), Daruharidra (Berberis aristata DC.), Palash (Butea frondosa Koen.),Shak (Tectona grandis L.) Shal (Shorea robusta Gaertn.f.), Kramuka (Areca catechu L.), Dhava (Anogeissus latifolia Wall) Indrayav (Holerrhena antidysentrica Wall), Ajakarna \mbox{}\protect\newline ( Dipterocarpus turbinatus L.) &
  Pacify Kapha,  Vitiligo,  Skin  diseases,  worm infestation,  Anaemia,  Diabetes,  Obecity\\
2. &
  Arkadi gana \mbox{}\protect\newline Su. 15/28-29 \mbox{}\protect\newline  &
  Arka (Calotropis giganticum L.), Alarka (Calotropis procera R.Br.), Nagdanti (Croton oblongifolius Roxb) \mbox{}\protect\newline Vishalya (Gloriasa superb L.), Bharngi (Clerodendron serratum spreng), Rasna (Innula racemosa Hook.f.), Meshashringa (Gymnema sylvestre R. Br.), Karanja Pongamia glabra Vent.) Apamarga (Achyranthus aspera L.), Jyotishmati (Celastrus panniculataus Willd.), Shakhotaka (Balanities roxburghii Planch.) &
  Pacify Kapha,  Obecity,  Poisoning,  worm infestation, Skin  diseases,  Ulcers \\
\tblbottomrule 
\end{tabulary}\par 
\end{table*}

\begin{table*}[!htbp]
\caption{\boldmath {List of Researches on Krimighna drugs and their antiviral activities} }
\label{tw-ee15f6f5a85c}
\def\arraystretch{1.1}
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\tbltoprule \rowcolor{kwdboxcolor}S.N.  & Botanical name  &  Family  & Part used  & Antiviral activity &  References \\
\tblmidrule 
1. &
  Achyranthus aspera L.  &
  Amaranthaceae &
  Leaves &
  Epstein-Barr virus, HSV 1 and HSV 2 &
  \unskip~\citep{798400:19048680,798400:19048698}\\
2. &
  Achorus calamus L.  &
  Araceae &
  Tuber &
  DENV  &
  \unskip~\citep{798400:19048707}\\
\multicolumn{1}{p{\dimexpr(.09420000000000002\linewidth-2\tabcolsep)}}{\multirow{3}{\linewidth}{3.}} &
  \multicolumn{1}{p{\dimexpr(.2096\linewidth-2\tabcolsep)}}{\multirow{3}{\linewidth}{Allium sativum L.}} &
  \multicolumn{1}{p{\dimexpr(.15660000000000002\linewidth-2\tabcolsep)}}{\multirow{3}{\linewidth}{Liliaceae}} &
  \multicolumn{1}{p{\dimexpr(.14959999999999992\linewidth-2\tabcolsep)}}{\multirow{3}{\linewidth}{Tuber}} &
  NDV &
  \unskip~\citep{798400:19049000}\\
 &
   &
   &
   &
  Influenza Virus  &
  \unskip~\citep{798400:19048696}\\
 &
   &
   &
   &
  HSV 1 &
  \unskip~\citep{798400:19048683}\\
4. &
  Aristolochia bracteata Retz.  &
  Aristolochiaceae &
  Leaves &
  Influenza virus &
  \unskip~\citep{798400:19049125}\\
\multicolumn{1}{p{\dimexpr(.09420000000000002\linewidth-2\tabcolsep)}}{\multirow{4}{\linewidth}{5.}} &
  \multicolumn{1}{p{\dimexpr(.2096\linewidth-2\tabcolsep)}}{\multirow{4}{\linewidth}{Azadirechta indica L. }} &
  \multicolumn{1}{p{\dimexpr(.15660000000000002\linewidth-2\tabcolsep)}}{\multirow{4}{\linewidth}{Meliaceae}} &
  \multicolumn{1}{p{\dimexpr(.14959999999999992\linewidth-2\tabcolsep)}}{\multirow{4}{\linewidth}{Bark, leaves }} &
  HSV1 &
  \unskip~\citep{798400:19048711}\\
 &
   &
   &
   &
  NDV &
  \unskip~\citep{798400:19048702}\\
 &
   &
   &
   &
  DENV &
  \unskip~\citep{798400:19049546}\\
 &
   &
   &
   &
  Herpes &
  \unskip~\citep{798400:19048692}\\
6. &
  Calotropis gigantea L.  &
  Asclepiadaceae &
  Flower &
  Herpes simplex type-1 (HSV-1)  &
  \unskip~\citep{798400:19049547}\\
7. &
  Cissus quadrangularis L.  &
  Vitaceae &
  Stem  &
  HSV type1 and 2 &
  \unskip~\citep{798400:19050027}\\
\multicolumn{1}{p{\dimexpr(.09420000000000002\linewidth-2\tabcolsep)}}{\multirow{4}{\linewidth}{8.}} &
  \multicolumn{1}{p{\dimexpr(.2096\linewidth-2\tabcolsep)}}{\multirow{4}{\linewidth}{Curcuma longa L. }} &
  \multicolumn{1}{p{\dimexpr(.15660000000000002\linewidth-2\tabcolsep)}}{\multirow{4}{\linewidth}{Scitaminaceae}} &
  \multicolumn{1}{p{\dimexpr(.14959999999999992\linewidth-2\tabcolsep)}}{\multirow{4}{\linewidth}{Tuber }} &
  DENV  &
  \unskip~\citep{798400:19048707}\\
 &
   &
   &
   &
  HSV1 and HSV2 &
  \unskip~\citep{798400:19048713}\\
 &
   &
   &
   &
  HIV1, HIV2 &
  \unskip~\citep{798400:19048695,798400:19048694}\\
 &
   &
   &
   &
  Influenza virus &
  \unskip~\citep{798400:19048681}\\
9. &
  Embelia ribes Burm. f.  &
  Myrsinaceae &
  fruits &
  Influenza &
  \unskip~\citep{798400:19048687}\\
10 &
  Ferula assa-foetida Regel  &
  Umbiliiferae &
  Gum resin  &
  HSV-1 &
  \unskip~\citep{798400:19048684}\\
11 &
  Magnifera indica L. &
  Anacardiaceae &
  Seed powder &
  HSV  &
  \unskip~\citep{798400:19049546}\\
12 &
  Moringa oleifera L. &
  Moringaceae &
  Leaves  &
  HSV 1 &
  \unskip~\citep{798400:19048700}\\
13. &
  Nerium odorum Soland  &
  Apocynaceae &
  Root powder &
  HSV  &
  \unskip~\citep{798400:19049546}\\
14 &
  Ocimum sanctum L. &
  Lamiaceae &
  Leaves  &
  Polio virus type 3, Vaccinia virus, NDV &
  \unskip~\citep{798400:19048683}\\
15 &
  Punica granatum L. &
  Punucaceae &
  Fruit bark  &
  HSV \& SINV \& Poliovirus &
  \unskip~\citep{798400:19048697}\\
16 &
  Ricinus communis L. &
  Euphorbiaceae &
  Root &
  HSV-1, SINV &
  \unskip~\citep{798400:19049547,798400:19048697}\\
17 &
  Semicarpus anacardium L. &
  Anacardiaceae &
  Nuts &
  Measles and Mumps virus &
  \unskip~\citep{798400:19048703}\\
18 &
  Solanum nigrum L. &
  Solanaceae &
  Dried plant &
  Hepatitis C Virus \mbox{}\protect\newline HSV  &
  \unskip~\citep{798400:19048683,798400:19048690}\\
\tblbottomrule 
\end{tabulary}\par 
\end{table*}

\begin{table*}[!htbp]
\caption{\boldmath {List of Researches on Krimighna drugs and their antiviral activities} }
\label{tw-08f05dee74ee}
\centering 
\begin{threeparttable}

\def\arraystretch{1.1}
\ignorespaces 
\centering 
\begin{tabulary}{\linewidth}{p{\dimexpr.16\linewidth-2\tabcolsep}p{\dimexpr.16\linewidth-2\tabcolsep}p{\dimexpr.16\linewidth-2\tabcolsep}p{\dimexpr.1254\linewidth-2\tabcolsep}p{\dimexpr.1911\linewidth-2\tabcolsep}p{\dimexpr.2035\linewidth-2\tabcolsep}}
\tbltoprule \rowcolor{kwdboxcolor}S.N.  & Botanical name  & Family  & Part used  & Antiviral activity & References\\
\tblmidrule 
19 &
  Swertia chirata Roxb. &
  Gentianaceae &
  Leaves  &
  HSV-1 &
  \unskip~\citep{798400:19048710}\\
20 &
  Terminalia chebula Retz  &
  Combrataceae &
  Fruit  &
  Measles and Mumps viruses &
  \unskip~\citep{798400:19048703}\\
21 &
  Trachyspermum Ammi Sprague &
  Umbilliferae &
  Seed oil &
  Japanese encephalitis virus &
  \unskip~\citep{798400:19048709}\\
22 &
  Vitex nigundo L. &
  Verbeneceae &
  Leaves &
  HIV &
  \unskip~\citep{798400:19048699}\\
23 &
  Zingiber officinale Roscoe  &
  Zingiberaceae &
  Rhizome  &
  HIV, Poliovirus, \mbox{}\protect\newline Measles &
  \unskip~\citep{798400:19048683,798400:19048692}\\
\tblbottomrule 
\end{tabulary}\par 
\begin{tablenotes}\footnotesize 
    
\item{HSV-Herpes Simplex virus, DNGV- Dengue virus, NDV- Newcastle Disease virus, SINV- Sindbis virus, HIV- Human immunodeficiency Virus }
\end{tablenotes}
\end{threeparttable}

\end{table*}
Humans have been suffering from virus attacks since time immemorial. In recent decades, several viruses have been identified from animals to humans and triggered widespread outbreaks, resulted in thousands of deaths. There have been several significant pandemics recorded in human history, including smallpox, cholera, plague, dengue, AIDS, influenza, West Nile disease and tuberculosis. Influenza pandemics \unskip~\citep{798400:19048704}. In recent years have witnessed significant pandemics such as hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS), severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), H5N1 influenza, H1N1 influenza, Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS), and Ebola virus disease epidemic \unskip~\citep{798400:19048686}. COVID-19 is the latest pandemics in this chain. No vaccine or effective antiviral drug is yet discovered for the treatment of COVID-19 disaster. It was reported to be believed that few Ayurvedic medicines may alleviate the symptoms of COVID-19. AYUSH Department also published an advisory for the sake of public interest and advised to use culinary herbs, spices like turmeric and herbal tea with ginger to protect from the COVID-19 menace effectively \unskip~\citep{798400:19050513}. Ayurveda has given more emphasis on preventive care through Dincharya (daily regime) and \textit{Ritucharya} (Seasonal regime) to maintain a healthy life. As there is no effective medicine discovered yet, it is wise to adopt preventive measures which can boost our immunity during the COVID-19 crises. 

In Ayurveda, Charaka Samhita has described \textit{Krimighna Gana } (antimicrobial drugs) to combat with any viral infection. Later Sushruta Samhita, Astanga hridaya also described a specific group of herbal medications to tackle any bacterial, fungal or viral infectious diseases. Researches on few medicinal plants have shown potent antiviral activity without any side effects and thus facilitated to boost the individual's immune system \unskip~\citep{798400:19048692}. \textit{Krimighna} drugs also content pharmacologically active constituents in terms of phytochemicals, but their potency against antiviral diseases is yet to be assessed. Hence in the present paper, an attempt is made to review researches done on the \textit{Krimighna} drugs described in Samhitas and to know its efficacy on various viral diseases. This study may help to identify novel and more effective antiviral drugs to treat viral infections effectively. 
    
\section{Materials and Methods}
Relevant references were searched concerning \textit{krimihar drugs } described in \textit{Brihatrayee} viz. Charak Samhita, Sushruta Samhita and Ashtanga Hridaya. Published scientific research papers related to pre-clinical and clinical studies showing the antiviral activity of individual krimighna drugs were searched on Pub med, Scopus, Web of science, Medknow, Ayushdhara and google scholar by using relevant keywords regarding the antiviral activity of medicinal plants studied in last twenty-five years. 
    
\section{Results and Discussion}
In Charaka Samhita \textit{Sutrasthana}, a group of 10 drugs is described named as \textit{Krimighna} \textit{Mahakashaya} meant for the alleviation of \textit{Krimi } (microbes). In Sushruta Samhita \textit{Krimighna} drugs are found in \textit{Sursadi Gana} (14 drugs) and \textit{Lakshadi Gana} (11 drugs) whereas, in Astanga Hridaya, \textit{krimihar} drugs are mentioned in \textit{Asanadi Gana} (19 drugs) and \textit{Arkadi Gana} (11 drugs) as depicted in Tables~\ref{tw-f356633fbb17}, \ref{tw-452a247988bb} and~\ref{tw-d4dbded0f86a}.

In Ayurveda texts, the word \textit{Krimi} is used frequently to denote worms or microbes and Drugs acting on these microbial agents have been termed as \textit{Krimighna} \textit{Dravyas}. According to the Shabda kalpadruma (An Encyclopedic dictionary of Sanskrit words), the word \textit{Krimi} is derived from the root word ``\textit{Kramana}'' which means attacking, surpassing or overcoming \unskip~\citep{798400:19048708}. Acharya Charaka has described 20 varieties of \textit{Krimi} which include both internal and external \textit{krimis} while Acharya Vagbhata described internal and external \textit{krimis} with various shape, size and colour. \textit{Krimi} can be compared in modern science with microorganism and macroorganism \unskip~\citep{798400:19048688} Thus Ayurveda seers were very well aware of the presence of the microorganisms, their pathogenesis, symptoms and treatment.

The \textit{Krimi} is a broad term which includes all types of worms and microbes. A microbe is a term for tiny creatures that individually are too small to be seen with the unaided eye. Microbes include bacteria, viruses archaea and fungi. A virus is a  significant type of microbe, responsible for many infections that can only replicate inside the living cells of other organisms. Viruses can infect all kinds of living form such as human, animals, plants, and even microorganisms \unskip~\citep{798400:19048705}. These viruses can spread the infection by coughing/ sneezing through droplet infection. These infections can also be spread through the use of contaminated food, water, bedsheets, utensils and ornaments, body fluids such as blood and saliva. \textit{Acharya} \textit{Sushruta} termed such diseases as \textit{Aupasargik Vyadhis } or Infectious diseases \unskip~\citep{798400:19048691}.

Out of the total 57 \textit{Krimighna} drugs (8 drugs are repeated) mentioned as \textit{Krimighna}, 10 pills (\textit{Achyranthus Aspera, }\textit{Azadirachta indica, }\textit{Calotropis gigantea, }\textit{Curcuma longa, }\textit{Embelia Ribes,}\textit{\space }\textit{\space }\textit{\space }\textit{Moringa oleifera,} \textit{ Nerium odorum, Ocimum sanctum, Solanum nigrum} and \textit{Vitex nigundo}) were found to have antiviral activity against various type of viruses such as Herpes Simplex virus (HSV type 1 \& 2), Dengue virus (DNGV), Newcastle Disease virus (NDV), Sindbis virus(SINV) Measles virus and Poliovirus some of which are fatal to human beings (Tables~\ref{tw-ee15f6f5a85c} and~\ref{tw-08f05dee74ee}). Remaining 13 drugs which are antimicrobial in nature but do not include in any group of \textit{Krimighna} drugs in Samhitas have also shown antiviral activities in various researches. All these medicinal plants contain a wide variety of varied phytochemicals such as alkaloids, tannins, saponins, flavonoids, terpenoids, lignans, coumarins, and many other components which are supposed to be responsible for potent antiviral activity by\textbf{\space }inhibiting the replication cycle of various types of DNA or RNA viruses \unskip~\citep{798400:19048689,798400:19048701}.

Surprisingly, few plants which are not termed as \textit{Krimighna} but have shown significant antiviral activity like Glycerrhaza glabra and Phyllanthus urinaria. Glycyrrhizic acid extracted from Glycerrhaza glabra exerts antiviral activity against Kaposi's sarcoma-associated virus by the elimination of the inactive form of the virus via apoptosis. Glycyrrhizic acid also inhibited the replication of SARS (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome) \unskip~\citep{798400:19048682}. The flavonoid Ellagic acid from Phyllanthus urinaria inhibits immunotolerance of mice against the hepatitis B virus e-antigen \unskip~\citep{798400:19048693}. Phyllanthus urinaria extract markedly repress HBV replication and expression in an HBV transient transfection mouse model \unskip~\citep{798400:19048714}. In clinical trials conducted by Wang MX et al. in chronic hepatitis B patients demonstrated that Phyllanthus urinaria promotes HBeAg and HBeAb seroconversion from positive to negative \unskip~\citep{798400:19048712,798400:19048715}. The depressing thing is that modern antibiotics are not adequate to control viral infection. Though several drugs are identified as antiviral drugs against the specific virus but still a plethora of potentially useful \textit{krimighna} drugs waiting to be evaluated and exploited with their antiviral activity. Hence young researchers have an opportunity to conduct in vitro and in vivo assays to evaluate the antiviral activity of these herbal drugs. If we could find out the potential antiviral drug from these studies, it will be a boon for the entire world which can do wonder in the treatment of KOVID -19 the most dangerous pandemic of the decade.
    
\section{Conclusions}
The number of medicinal plants described in Ayurveda compendia as \textit{Krimighna} drugs have shown remarkable antiviral activities against various viruses. However, due to the global disease burden caused by COVID-19, there is an urgent need to identify novel compounds with antiviral activity from the unexplored \textit{Krimighna} drugs using modern in vitro assays. It is must involve well-established sciences such as Ayurveda, immediately into the mainstream of discovering a solution for any epidemic or pandemic situation to have all possible alternatives to discover the cure. The elucidation of active constituents in these plants may provide significant lead to the development of new and effective antiviral agents to combat the COVID-19 menace effectively.
\section*{Acknowledgement}Author would like to thank DMIMSU for motivating and providing all necessary help for writing this article.

\textbf{Funding Support}

DMIMS (Deemed to be University) Sawangi (Meghe) Wardha.

\textbf{Conflict Of Interest}

None.
    

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