Phytochemical Analysis and Antimicrobial activity of leaf and stem of Ipomoea staphylina Roem. & Schult.

Abstract

Ipomoea staphylina Roem. & Schult.A plant belonging to Convolvulaceae is commonly found on hedges and bushes in the forests and  wastelands. It is a perennial, woody and glabrous shrub with pink flowers. Traditionally Ipomoea staphylina is used for respiratory  disorders. Traditionally genus Ipomoea is used as purgative, dyspepsia, anthelmintic, bronchitis. Medicinal plants are the primary  sources of medicines in Ayurvedha, Siddha, and Folk medicine systems. In India, about 95% of all modern drugs are derived from medicinal plants and very likely most of these medicines are used by people to cure many ailments. The Ayurvedic literature Sarangdhar Samhita” highlighted the concept of polyherbalism to achieve greater therapeutic efficacy. The active phytochemical  constituents of individual plants are insufficient to meet the desirable therapeutic effects.When combining the multiple herbs in a  particular ratio, it will give a better therapeutic effect and reduce the toxicity. Most of them are active even at a low dose and safe at a  high dose. Thus they have superior risk to benefit ratio. Based on this the present study deals with physicochemical, phytochemical  studies such as and biochemical estimation of medicinal plant of a combined mixture of polyherbal Ipomoea staphylina., also study  evaluates the ethanol and methanol extracts of leaf and stem for their preliminary phytochemical analysis, antibacterial and antifungal activity. In the study of the phytochemical analysis reveals the presence of carbohydrate, protein, flavonoids, glycosides, alkaloids. The  Ipomoea staphylina of ethanolic leaf and stem extract showed potent antimicrobial activity in all the tested concentrations against  E.coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis and Aspergillus niger. Ipomoea staphylina could be exploited as a valuable source of  antibacterial agent enriching with known antimicrobial compounds. Further studies needed for future drug development to treat  various infectious diseases by microbes.